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Understanding Masonry
            104  CHAPTER FOUR
















                                   TRIM MOLDINGS
                                                             ARCHES AND KEYSTONES
               BALUSTERS









                    STAIR TREADS













                        PILASTER CAPS





                                                                    WALL COPING




            Cast stone elements.

                            sandstone, slate, etc. It can be described by the way in which it is
                            obtained—field stone gathered from the earth’s surface in its natural
                            state, or cut stone quarried and shaped with tools or mechanical
                            equipment. It can also be described by method of geologic origin—
                            igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic. For building stone, the type of




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