Page 198 - Masonry and Concrete

Footings, Foundation Walls, Basements, and Slabs
197
FOOTINGS, FOUNDATION WALLS, BASEMENTS, AND SLABS

FIGURE 6-9
Stepped footing.

6.2.4 Steel Reinforcement

Footings for light loads are often built without steel reinforcing, but
many footing designs require steel reinforcing bars to increase
strength and help distribute heavier loads. The bars should be
placed horizontally in the forms and supported off the ground in the
position indicated by the drawings (bars are usually located one-
third up from the bottom of the form, and at least 3 in. off the
ground). If the footing is to support a reinforced concrete or masonry
wall, it will also require short sections of reinforcing bar dowels that
turn up and can be tied to the vertical reinforcement in the wall. The
horizontal leg of the dowel should be at least 12 in. long, and the
vertical leg at least 18 in. tall so that it will overlap horizontal rein-
forcing bars in the footing and vertical reinforcing bars in the wall a

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