Page 43 - Masonry and Concrete

Concrete Construction Techniques

A. Proportions by Weight‡ to Make One Cubic Foot of Concrete
Air-Entrained Cement Non-Air-Entrained Cement

Max.
size Coarse Coarse
coarse Cement, Agg.†, Water, Cement, Sand*, Agg.†, Water,
agg., in. lb. Sand,* lb. lb. lb. lb. lb. lb. lb.
3
⁄8 29 53 46 10 29 59 46 11
1
⁄2 27 46 55 10 27 53 55 11
3
⁄4 25 42 65 10 25 47 65 10
1 24 39 70 9 24 45 70 10
1
1 ⁄2 23 38 75 9 23 43 75 9
‡Portland cement weighs 94 lbs./bag. Sand weighs 90 lbs./cu. ft. Coarse aggregate weighs 100
lbs./cu.ft. Water weighs 62.4 lbs./cu.ft. One gallon of water weighs 8.34 lbs.
*Proportions are based on wet sand. If you are using damp sand, decrease the quantity of sand
by one pound and increase the water by one pound. If your sand is very wet, increase the
quantity of sand by one pound and decrease the water by one pound.
†If crushed stone is used, decrease coarse aggregate by three pounds and increase sand by three
pounds.

B. Proportions by Volume*

Air-Entrained Cement Non-Air-Entrained Cement
Max.
size
coarse Coarse Coarse
Cement Sand Agg. Water† Cement Sand Agg. Water†
3 1 1 1 1 1 1
⁄8 1 2 ⁄4 1 ⁄2 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄2 1 ⁄2 ⁄2
1 1 1 1 1 1
⁄2 1 2 ⁄4 2 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄2 2 ⁄2 ⁄2
3 1 1 1 1 1 1
⁄4 1 2 ⁄4 2 ⁄2 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄2 2 ⁄2 ⁄2
1
3
1
3
1 1 2 ⁄4 2 ⁄4 1 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄2 2 ⁄4 1 ⁄2
1 1 1 1 1
1 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄4 3 ⁄2 1 2 ⁄2 3 ⁄2
*Combined volume is approximately two-thirds of the sum of the original bulk volumes of the
individual ingredients.
†One cubic foot of water is 7.48 gallons. One gallon of water is 0.134 cu. ft.
FIGURE 3-3
Estimating individual ingredients for concrete (from Portland Cement Association, The Homeowner’s Guide to
Building With Concrete, Brick and Stone, PCA, Skokie, Illinois).

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