Page 891 - Mechanical Engineers' Handbook (Volume 2)

Index 883

Descriptive identification of requirements, structure of, 425
268 Digital data transfer, 850–851
Descriptive methods, 272 Digital feedforward compensation, 427–
Descriptive modeling, 275 428
Design: Digital filters, 197–205, 412
controller, see Controller design FIR, 198–201
control system, see Control system frequency-domain, 205
design IIR, 201–203
linear-state-estimator, 776–783 from low-pass prototypes, 203–205
MEMS, 868–870 z-transforms, 198, 199
nonlinear optimal control, 811 Digital instruments, 118
pole placement method of, 758–763 Digital integrated circuits, 239–253
state-space control system, see State- adders/registers/multiplexers, 249
space control system design and Boolean logic notation, 246
system, see System design counters, 247–249
time-domain, 523, 527–531 flip-flops, 243–246
value system, 267, 269 FPGA, 240–241
Detailed design/integration/testing/ logic blocks, 241–242
implementation phase (system logic gates, 246–248
design), 290–291 lookup tables, 242–243
Detailed design phase (system design), memory, 249–250
290–291 programmable interconnects, 251–253
D FFs (D flip-flops), 244 programmable I/O blocks, 251
D flip-flops (D FFs), 244 reduction of processor load, 239
DHP (dual heuristic programming), 816 Digital Mirror Device, 871
Diagonalized canonical variables, 351 Digital optical encoders, 854, 855
Diagonal Jordan canonical form, 724, Digital signal processors (DSPs), 434
727–729, 734, 737–738 Digital simulation, 352–359
Diaphragms, 392 continuous-system simulation
Difference amplifiers, 844 languages, 359, 360
Difference equations, 376–377, 425 Euler method, 354–355
Differentiation circuit, 495 multistep method, 356–357
Differentiation theorem, 449 numerical integration errors, 357, 358
Differentiator, 843 predictor–corrector method, 357
Digital algorithms, 427–433 Runge–Kutta methods, 355–356
computed-torque, 427, 428 selecting integration method, 359
direct design of, 432–433 time constants/time steps, 358–359
feedforward compensation, 427–428 Digital-to-analog (D/A) converters, 211,
z-plane control design, 428–432 425, 852–853
Digital computation, 498–501 Diode networks, 494, 495
Digital computers, 847–850 Diodes, 494, 495
Digital control/controllers, 424–438 Diodes, ideal, 831, 832
algorithms for, 427–433 Direct central impact, 35n.
computer-based, 673–677 Direct-current (dc) servomotors, 546–557
in electrohydraulic servosystems, 592 ac servomotors vs., 546
hardware/software for, 433–438 brushed, 546–552
hard-wired, 672–674 brushless, 552–557
PID, 425–427 classification of, 547
principles of, 424–427 upper performance limits of, 547
real systems with, 447, 448 Direct-design method, 432–433