Page 209 - Plant design and economics for chemical engineers

COST ESTIMATION 183
TABLE 17
Ratio factors for estimating capital-investment items based on delivered-
equipment cost
Values presented are applicable for major process plant additions to an existing site where the
necessary land is available through purchase or present ownership.? The values are based on
fixed-capital investments ranging from under $1 million to over $20 million.
Percent of deliveredequipment cost for

Solid- Solid-fluid- Fluid-
processing processing processing ,
Item plant$ plant $ plant $

Direct costs
Purchased equipment-delivered (including \
fabricated equipment and process machinery) 0 100 100 100
Purchased-equipment installation 45 39 47
Instrumentation and controls (installed) 9 13 18
Piping (installed) 16 31 66
Electrical (installed) 10 10 11
Buildings (including services) 25 29 18
Yard improvements 13 10 10
Service facilities (installed) 40 55 70
Land (if purchase is required) 6 6 6

Total direct plant cost 264 293 346
Indirect costs
Engineering and supervision 33 32 33
Construction expenses 39 34 41

Total direct and indirect plant costs 336 359 420
Contractor’s fee (about 5% of direct and
indirect plant costs) 17 18 21
Contingency (about 10% of direct and
indirect plant costs) 34 36 42

Fixed-capital investment 387 413 483
Working capital (about 15% of total capital
investment) 68 74 86
Total capital investment 455 487 569

t Because of the extra expense involved in supplying service facilities, storage facilities, loading
terminals, transportation facilities, and other necessary utilities at a completely undeveloped site,
the fved-capital investment for a new plant located at an undeveloped site may be as much as
100 percent greater than for an equivalent plant constructed as an addition to an existing plant.
$ See Table 8 for definition of types of process plants.
Fj Includes pumps and compressors.