Page 144 - Encyclopedia Of Terrorism

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118———Ecoterrorism

logging facility in Alberta that destroyed $5 million more than 50 times, leaving the committee with as
in equipment. many questions about the clandestine activities of rad-
By the end of the 1990s, ecoterrorism had expanded ical environmentalists at the end of the investigation as
from the traditional environmental issues of preserving when they began.
trees, wilderness, and marine life to include actions
See also ANIMAL LIBERATION FRONT; RODNEY CORONADO;
against urban sprawl, the development of luxury hous-
EARTH FIRST!; EARTH LIBERATION FRONT; EVAN MECHAM
ing and resorts on agricultural lands, and the prolifera-
ECO-TERRORIST INTERNATIONAL CONSPIRACY
tion of gas-guzzling SUVs (sport utility vehicles). In
2000, ELF claimed responsibility for more than a Further Reading
dozen fires at construction sites for luxury homes
Foreman, Dave. Confessions of an Eco-warrior. New York:
in Colorado, Arizona, and New York. That same year,
Harmony, 1991.
the Anarchist Golfing Association destroyed two
House Resources Committee Subcommittee on Forest and
grass seed research facilities in Oregon. ELF later
Forest Health. Oversight Hearing on Ecoterrorism and
announced, through its spokesperson Craig Rose-
Lawlessness on the National Forests. http://resources-
braugh, that it hoped to see continued activity “against committee.house.gov/107cong/forests/2002feb12/agen
capitalism and industry” in 2001, suggesting ever- da.htm, February 12, 2002.
growing links between environmentalist and other left- Scarce, Rik. Eco-warriors: Understanding the Radical
ist social movements, such as the anti-globalization Environmental Movement. Chicago: Noble, 1990.
movement. Indeed, ALF’s annual Direct Action Zakin, Susan. Coyotes and Town Dogs: Earth First! and the
Report, which tracks both ALF and ELF activities, Environmental Movement. New York: Viking Penguin,
makes the connection clear: 1993.

The same attitude which allows the torture of animals EGTK. See TUPAC KATARI GUERRILLA ARMY.
allows the torture of humans, and allows economic
policies to be imposed on “third world” nations, policies
which serve only corporations and the wealthy, at the EGYPTIAN AL-JIHAD. See AL JIHAD.
expense not only of humans, but of animals and the Earth.
The root of the problem is violence, greed and arrogance.

EGYPTIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD. See
In the wake of the September 11, 2001, attacks on
the World Trade Center in New York City, both ALF AL JIHAD.
and ELF were harshly criticized for maintaining their
level of activism; other, more mainstream, environmen-
tal and animal rights groups had curtailed their protests EJERCITO DE LIBERACION
and activities. (On September 20, ALF bombed a pri-
NACIONAL. See NATIONAL LIBERATION
mate research lab in New Mexico. A month later, ELF
torched the Bureau of Land Management office in ARMY–BOLIVIA OR NATIONAL LIBERATION
Lassen County, California.) ARMY–COLOMBIA.
The continuing acts of ecoterrorism throughout
the United States led to a hearing on ecoterrorism
sponsored by the House Resources Committee Sub- EJERCITO POPULAR DE LIBERACION.
committee on Forests and Forest Health in February
2002. The hearing’s primary focus was the activities See PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY (COLOMBIA).
of ELF and ALF. In his testimony, James Jarboe, the
FBI’s domestic terrorism section chief, claimed that
more than 26 investigations related to ALF and ELF EJERCITO REVOLUCIONARIO DEL
were currently under way. The committee also subpoe-
PUEBLO. See PEOPLE’S REVOLUTIONARY
naed Rosebraugh, the ELF spokesperson, who invoked
his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination ARMY (EL SALVADOR).