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3 LCA History                                                   19

            Table 3.1 Selected events in LCA history
            Event                                    Year   Note
            The (perhaps) first LCA-oriented study was presented on  1963  World Energy
            energy requirements for the production of chemical  Conference, Harold
            intermediates and products                      Smith
            Coca Cola commissions its first study comparing  1969  Not public
            beverage containers
            The methodological foundation for environmentally  1970  Leontief (1970)
            extended input/output analysis is made
            Publication of the first public and peer-reviewed LCA  1974  EPA (1974)
            study “Resource and Environmental Profile Analysis of
            Nine Beverage Container Alternatives”, commissioned
            by the US EPA
            First impact assessment method based on critical volumes  1984  BUS (1984)
            introduced
            The first widely used commercial LCA software, GaBi,  1989  Thinkstep (2016)
            was released in its first version
            SimaPro, another widely used commercial LCA software,  1990  PRé (2016)
            was released in its first version
            The term “life cycle assessment” was coined  1990  SETAC (1991)
            Emergence of a number of LCI databases managed by  Early
            different institutions                   1990s
            First environmental theme-oriented impact assessment  1992  Heijungs et al. (1992)
            methodology, CML92
            SETAC Code of Practice published in effort to harmonise  1993  SETAC (1993b)
            LCA framework, terminology and methodology
            The academic journal fully dedicated to LCA, The  1996
            International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, was born
            ISO 14040 standard on LCA principles and framework  1997  ISO 14040
            released
            ISO 14041 standard on goal and scope definition released  1998  ISO 14041
            Damage-oriented methodology Eco-indicator 99 emerges  1999  Goedkoop and
                                                            Spriensma (2000)
            ISO 14042 standard on life cycle impact assessment  2000  ISO 14042
            released
            ISO 14043 standard on life cycle interpretation released  2000  ISO 14043
            UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative launched  2002
            The LCI database ecoinvent version 1.01 is released  2003  Ecoinvent (2016)
            Establishing of a general methodological framework and  2006
            guideless for LCA through ISO 14040 and ISO 14044
            A framework for Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis was  2008  Klöpffer (2008)
            proposed
            ILCD handbook published                  2010   EC (2010)
            PEF and OEF guidelines published         2012
                                                     and
                                                     later
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