Page 225 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

206 Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment

TABLE 10.1
Natural Adsorbents for Phosphorus Removal

Adsorption
−1
Adsorbents P Conc.(mg L ) Capacity(mg g ) Reference
−1
Gravel – 25.8–47.5 Mann and Bavor (1993)
Peat 70–258 12 Talbot et al. (1996)
Laterite 5–50 0.99 Wood and McAtamney (1996)
Soils 500–10000 0.005 Sakadevan and Bavor (1998)
Zeolite 500–10000 2.15 Sakadevan and Bavor (1998)
Bauxite 2.5–40 0.612 Drizo et al. (1999)
Limestone 5–25 0.3 Johansson (1999)
Limestone 2.5–40 0.682 Drizo et al. (1999)
Opoka 5–25 0.1 Johansson (1999)
Spodosol 5–25 1 Johansson (1999)
Shale 2.5–40 0.065–0.730 Drizo et al. (1999)
Burnt oil shale 2.5–40 0.065–0.730 Drizo et al. (1999)
Zeolite 2.5–40 0.065–0.730 Drizo et al. (1999)
Gravel 15 184–296 Tanner et al. (1999)
Limestone 2.5–40 0.682 g kg −1 Drizo et al. (1999)
Shellsand 5–1000 4 Roseth (2000)
Opoka 5–25 0–0.1 Johansson and Gustafsson (2000)
Sand 0–100 0.417 Pant et al. (2001)
Sand 0–320 3.941 Arias et al. (2001)
Danish sand 10 0.052–0.165 Arias et al. (2001)
Sand 330 0.7–0.8 Pant et al. (2001)
Dolomite – 0.2 Pant et al. (2002)
Shale – – Pant and Reddy (2003)
Bauxite 0–100 2.95 Altundogan and Tumen (2002)
Sand 0.5–2.0 7.2–86.4 Farahbakhshazad and Morrison
(2003)
Dolomite – 7.34–52.02 Karaca et al. (2004)
Limerock – – DeBusk et al. (1995)
Apatite 0–500 4.76 Molle et al. (2005)
Gravels 5–1000 3.6 Vohla et al. (2005)
Sand 5–1000 2.45 Vohla et al. (2005)
Shellsand 5–1000 8 Sovik and Klove (2005)
Sedimentary 0.5 13.9 Molle et al. (2005)
Apatite
Apatite 5–150 1.09 Bellier et al. (2006)
Wollastonite 0.8–1700 12 Hedstrom and Rastas (2006)
Calcinated 25–150 0.8 Özacar (2006)
Alunite
Dolomite and 0–100 0.168 g kg −1 Prochaska and Zouboulis (2006)
sand
Modified 8.31 Ye et al. (2006)
palygorskites
(Continued)