Page 265 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

Appendix 4
4
Appendix
UNIT 68
UNIT
68
1 1 Unfortunately, few of our houseplants died while we were awayaway on holiday. XX
holiday.
on
we
while
of
few
Unfortunately,
our
died
were
houseplants
•" Unfortunately, aa few of our houseplants died while we were awayaway on holiday. ^
houseplants
our
died
on
of
holiday.
Unfortunately,
few
#
we
were
while
2 2 It costcost fewer than twenty pounds. XX
It
pounds.
twenty
than
fewer
pounds.
less
*• It costcost less than twenty pounds. \/o
than
twenty
It
UNIT 69
UNIT69
1 1 All us were afterafter flying backback from Japan. XX
flying
from
were exhaustedexhausted
All
Japan.
us
*" All of us were exhausted afterafter flying backback from Japan,Japan. (or We were all exhausted) i/W
us
of
All
exhausted)
flying
exhausted
(or
We
from
were
all
were
2 All of the reptiles lay eggs. XX
of
the
reptiles
eggs.
lay
All
2
<•" All reptiles lay eggs, t/W (This is more likely if we are talking about the class (reptiles) inin
class
likely
are
reptiles
we
if
the
lay
All
eggs.
@#
(This
more
is
about
(reptiles)
talking
general.)
general.)
UNIT 70
UNIT70
1 1 The boy threw the stone who is wearing the yellow shirt. XX
shirt.
The
threw
the
boy
yellow
stone
the
wearing
is
who
w The boy who is wearing the yellow shirt threw the stone. t/W
who
the
the
is
yellow
threw
#
wearing
stone.
shirt
The
boy
2 The car that I hadhad it inin 1990 was blue. XX
car
blue.
The
it
2
1990
that
was
I
I
The
blue.
<*- The car that I had inin 1990 was blue. •Y
1990
was
had
@
that
car
UNIT 71
71
UNIT
1 1 My mother who is in her seventies enjoys hill walking. XX
seventies
walking.
mother
enjoys
her
hill
is
in
My
who
(In
<•* My mother, who is in herher seventies, enjoys hill walking. •“(In 'My mother who is inin herher
mother,
mother
My
@
is
seventies,
who
who
walking.
in
enjoys
'My
hill
is
seventies enjoys' the underlined clause is aa defining relative clause (see Unit 70). This
the
underlined
is
70).
seventies
clause
Unit
This
(see
defining
clause
relative
enjoys'
would suggest I hadhad more thanthan one mother and I I amam talking about the one who is in herher
talking
one
the
who
about
more
in
and
suggest
mother
one
I
is
would
nonsense.)
be
seventies. This would
seventies. This would be nonsense.)
2 My older brother, you'll meet later, is aa dentist. XX
is
older
brother,
My
2
dentist.
meet
you'll
later,
<*" My older brother, who you'll meet later, is a dentist,dentist. t/W
meet
later,
a
My
is
older
brother,
@
who
you'll
UNIT 72
72
UNIT
1 1 He lived at the top of an old house whichwhich attic hadhad been convertedconverted into aa flat. XX
attic
flat.
been
into
old
the
house
at
an
top
lived
of
He
He
been
of
flat.
*"@ He livedlived at the top of anan old house whose attic had been converted into aa flat. •"W
attic
had
house
top
the
into
at
whose
converted
old
just the thing what I was hoping for.'
2 2 'Do you like your present?' 'It's just the thing what I was hoping for.’ XX
you
your
'Do
'It's
present?’
like
<•" 'Do you like your present?' 'It's just the thing (that) I was hoping for.' (or It's justjust
just
'Do
you
your
hoping
was
It's
@
like
'It's
the
for.'
present?'
thing
(or
I
(that)
what...) •Wo
what...)
3 3 You are free to do whatever you will want. XX
are
You
to
free
want.
whatever
will
do
you
«•• You are free to do whatever you want. */ (We use the present simple to refer to the
refer
the
the
are
free
simple
present
to
want.
to
(We
to
do
use
You
whatever
#
you
future afterafter whatever, etc.)
whatever,
etc.)
future
UNIT 73
UNIT
73
1 1 The valley in which the power station is in is to the north of the city. XX
The valley in which the power station is locatedlocated
of
the
city.
to
the
north
in
is
i/
located is to the north
of the city,
(If the
valley in which the power station is
*• The valley in which the power station is located is to the north of the city. WY (If the
@ The
relative clause begins with a preposition, we don't use a second preposition later.)
relative clause begins with a preposition, we don't use a second preposition later.)
X
tell
me that's the man
to whom you paid the
You don't mean to
money.
2 2 You don't mean to tell me that's the man to whom you paid the money. X
the
man
to?
the
that's
me
«•# YouYou don'tdon't meanmean to tell me that's the man (who/that) youyou paidpaid the moneymoney to? •o ('...to(‘...to
tell
(who/that)
to
whom you paid the money?' wouldwould be very unlikely in this informal context.)
be
informal
context.)
the
unlikely
you
very
money?’
in
this
paid
whom
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