Page 147 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

u u a m m e r s w n n a n u W I I I I U U L U l
o f ; a n y / a n y o f ; e t c . )

We usually need to put of after quantifiers that are followed by a pronoun, a determiner or a
possessive form before a noun. Study these sentences. More information is given in Units 63-68:

Quantifier without of with of
some I made some fresh coffee and handed a Some of my jewellery is missing.
(Unit 63) cup to Adam.
any Don't pay any attention to what she Have you seen any of these new light
(Unit 63) says. bulbs in the shops yet?
much She did the job, but without much Snow is now covering much of the
(Unit 64) enthusiasm. country.
many Many talented young scientists are She gave many of her best paintings to
(Unit 64) moving to Australia. her friends.
both Both Alice and Tim enjoy cycling. Both of my parents are teachers.
(Unit 65)
all All people over 18 are required to vote. All of Bob's closest friends were women.
(Units 65/66)
each He wrote down the cost of each item in Each of you should sign the register
(Unit 66) his shopping basket. before you leave.
none She searched the shelves for books on I tried on lots of coats but none of them
(Unit 67) yoga, but could find none. fitted perfectly.
few There was silence for a few seconds, and They had a few of their friends round.
(Unit 68) then she began to speak.
little It'll take a little time, but I should be Little of his money came from his
(Unit 68) able to mend it. parents.

However, notice the following about many, all/both and each:
• We can use many between a determiner or possessive form and a following noun, particularly
in rather formal speech and writing:
• The letter could have been sent by any of his many enemies.
• We can use much or many with this and that as in:
• I've never had this much money before.
• Compare these sentences:
• Many boys enjoy football. (= about boys in general) and
• Many of the boys enjoy football. (= about a particular group of boys)
• After personal pronouns we use all/both, not all of / both of. Compare:
• I've given all of / both of them to Bob. or • I've given them all/both to Bob.
• All of / Both of them need cleaning, or • They all/both need cleaning.
• In informal contexts we can leave out of before the, these, those (and this or that with all); my,
i your, her, his, etc.; and mine, yours, etc., but not before them, you, or us (and it with all):
1
• Are you going to eat all (of) that cake, or can I finish it?
Compare these sentences:
I • • All champagne comes from France. (= about champagne in general) and
All
sell is from France.(= about a particular type of champagne)
(of)
the champagne we
We can use each before articles, pronouns such as my, her, and our, and possessive forms,
when it means 'each one', as in:
• I could see five young elephants, each the size of a car. (= each one)