Page 50 - Air pollution and greenhouse gases from basic concepts to engineering applications for air emission control

1.8 Practice Problems 23
3
7. The dust concentration in an urban area is increased to a level of 100 μg/m by
wind storm. What is the equivalent concentration in grains per cubic foot at
1 atm and 25 °C?
8. Dry air at 25 °C has 78 % N 2 ,21 % O 2 , and 1 % Rn by volume. What is the
3
concentration of each component in ppmv and μg/m ?
9. The inhalable particle (PM 10 ) concentration in an industrial area is measured to
3
be 5 × 10 −5 grains/ft . What is the equivalent concentration in micrograms per
cubic meter at 1 atm and 25 °C?
10. What is the resulting concentration of carbon monoxide in ppmv when 100 mL
of carbon monoxide is mixed with 1,000,000 mL of air? Does this concen-
tration exceeds the national ambient air quality standard of 9 ppmv (based on an
8 h average value)?
11. The national ambient air quality standard for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 )asan
3
annual average is 100 μg/m . Assume that a person take in about 1 litre of air
with every breath. How many grams of nitrogen dioxide does a person take in
3
with every breath, if air contains 80 μg/m of nitrogen dioxide?
12. The national ambient air quality standard for sulphur dioxide (SO 2 )asan
3
annual average is 80 μg/m . Assume that a person take in about 1 litre of air
with every breath. How many molecules of sulphur dioxide does a person take
3
in with every breath, if air contains 80 μg/m of sulphur dioxide?
13. Calculate the weight of a dust particle having 1.5 μm diameter in air at 25 °C
3
and 1 atm. Assume that density of particle is 1,000 kg/m density.

References and Further Readings

1. Boden TA, Marland G, Andres RJ (2013) Global, regional, and national fossil-fuel CO 2
emissions. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.
S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge. doi:10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2013, http://cdiac.ornl.
gov/trends/emis/glo_2010.html
2. Bresser AHM, Salomons W (eds) (1990) Acidic precipitation, vols 1–5. Springer, New York
3. Cooper CD, Alley FC (2002) Air pollution control: a design approach, 3rd edn. Waveland
Press, Inc., Long Grove
4. CRC (2013) US standard atmosphere. In: Lide DR (ed) Handbook of chemistry and physics,
94th edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 14–19. http://www.hbcpnetbase.com/
5. De Nevers N (2000) Air pollution control engineering, 2nd edn. McGraw–Hill Companies,
New York
6. EIA (2004) International Energy Annual 2004 (May–July 2006). www.eia.doe.gov/iea
7. EIA (Energy Information Administration) (2007a) International Energy Outlook (IEO): May
2007
8. EIA (2007b) 2010–2030: EIA, system for the analysis of global energy markets
9. Ferris BJJ (1978) Health effects of exposure to low levels of regulated air pollutants: a critical
review. J Air Pollut Control Assoc 28:482
10. Godish T (1997) Air quality. Lewis Publishers, USA
11. Houghton JT et al (eds) (1996) Climate change 1995: the science of climate change. IPCC,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
12. IEA (2010) Key world energy statistics. International Energy Agency, Paris