Page 7 - Air and gas Drilling Field Guide 3rd Edition

viii Contents

CHAPTER 8 Air, Gas, and Unstable Foam Drilling ......................183
8.1 Deep Well Planning....................................................................185
8.2 Minimum Volumetric Flow Rate and Compressor Selection ...186
8.2.1 Discussion of Theories.................................................... 186
8.2.2 Engineering Practice........................................................ 189
8.2.3 Engineering Planning Graphs ......................................... 190
8.3 Bottom Hole and Injection Pressures........................................201
8.4 Water Injection and Formation Water Influx ...........................203
8.4.1 Saturation of Air at Bottom Hole Conditions................. 204
8.4.2 Eliminate Stickiness......................................................... 206
8.4.3 Suppression of Hydrocarbon Ignition ............................ 207
8.5 Prime Mover Fuel Consumption ...............................................210
8.6 Conclusions ................................................................................211
References .........................................................................................211

CHAPTER 9 Aerated Fluids Drilling...........................................213
9.1 Deep Well Drilling Planning ......................................................214
9.2 Aerated Fluids Drilling Operations............................................215
9.2.1 Drill Pipe Injection.......................................................... 215
9.2.2 Annulus Injection ............................................................ 217
9.2.3 Advantages and Disadvantages........................................ 218
9.3 Minimum Volumetric Flow Rates..............................................219
9.3.1 Discussion of Theories.................................................... 220
9.3.2 Engineering Practice........................................................ 222
9.4 Nonfriction and Friction Illustrative Examples.........................228
9.4.1 Nonfriction Approximation ............................................ 229
9.4.2 Major and Minor Losses for Homogeneous
Multiphase Flow .............................................................. 234
9.4.3 Major and Minor Losses and the Effect of
Fluid Holdup.................................................................... 236
9.5 Conclusions ................................................................................242
References .........................................................................................243

CHAPTER 10 Stable Foam Drilling ............................................245
10.1 Stable Foam Rheology .............................................................247
10.1.1 Laboratory Stable Foam Screening .............................248
10.1.2 Empirical Algorithm for Screening .............................249
10.2 Deep Well Drilling Planning ...................................................250
10.3 Stable Foam Drilling Operations.............................................251