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Appendix A: Molecular Genetics in Brief
348
call that all of the introns are spliced out of messenger RNA, leaving only
the contributions from the exons.) Discovery of expressed sequence tags
and classification of the genes they label have attracted the interest of the
biotechnology industry. Because many genes are expressed only in certain
tissues and only at certain times of development, systematic classification
and mapping of expressed genes is apt to pay off in suggesting candidate
genes for human diseases.
Finally, as a prelude to sequencing the human genome and the genomes
of other species, a great deal of thought and effort has gone into ordering
the clones present in clone libraries. Restriction maps of different clones
often show sufficient similarity to suggest that two clones overlap. Alterna-
tively, two clones may both harbor the same expressed sequence tag. The
presence of such a chromosome anchor on both clones is proof of overlap.
Chains of overlapping clones are referred to as contigs. Readers may con-
sult Waterman [9] for a mathematical analysis of strategies for constructing
contigs and closing the gaps between them.
A.5 References

[1] Berg P, Singer M (1992) Dealing with Genes: The Language of Hered-
ity. University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA

[2] Davies KE, Read AP (1992) Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease, 2nd
ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford

[3] Gelehrter TD, Collins FS (1990) Principles of Medical Genetics.
Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore

[4] Lewin B (1997) Genes VI. Oxford University Press, Oxford
[5] Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, Matsudaira P, Baltimore D, Darnell
J (2000) Molecular Cell Biology, 4th ed. WH Freeman, New York
[6] Pedersen AG, Baldi P, Chauvin Y, Brunak S (1999) The biology of
eukaryotic promoter prediction – a review. Computers & Chemistry
23:191–207

[7] Strachan T (1992) The Human Genome. Bios Scientific Publishers,
Oxford

[8] Vogel F, Motulsky AG (1996) Human Genetics: Problems and Ap-
proaches, 3rd ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

[9] Waterman MS (1995) Introduction to Computational Biology: Maps,
Sequences, and Genomes. Chapman and Hall, London

[10] Watson JD, Gilman M, Witkowski J, Zoller M (1992) Recombinant
DNA, 2nd ed. Scientific American Books, New York