Page 16 - Artificial Intelligence for the Internet of Everything

Introduction 3

perceived to be a critical factor in overcoming barriers in order to direct
maximum entropy production (MEP) to solve difficult problems
(Martyushev, 2013; Wissner-Gross & Freer, 2013). But intelligence may
also save lives. For example, a fighter plane can already take control and save
itself if its fighter pilot loses consciousness during a high-g maneuver. We
had proposed in 2016 that with existing technology, the passengers aboard
Germanwings Flight 9525 might have been saved had the airliner safely
secured itself by isolating the copilot who committed murder and suicide
to kill all aboard (Lawless, 2016). Similarly, when the Amtrak train derailed
in 2015 from the loss of awareness of its head engineer loss of life could have
been avoided had the train taken control until it or its central authority could
affect a safe termination (NTSB, 2016); similarly for the memory lapse
experienced by the well-trained and experienced engineer who simply failed
to heed the speed limit approaching a curve, killing three and injuring
multiple others (NTSB, 2018).
Gershenfeld’s evolution may arrive when intelligent “things” and
humans team together as part of a “collective intelligence” to solve prob-
lems and to save lives (Goldberg, 2017). But autonomy is turning out to be
more difficult than expected based strictly on engineering principles alone
(e.g., for driverless cars, see Niedermeyer, 2018). Researchers involved
with the IoE must not only advance the present state of these “things,”
but also address how they think that the science of “collective intelligence”
mayafford thenextevolution of society.

1.2 INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TECHNICAL CHAPTERS

The first research chapter, Chapter 2, titled “Uncertainty Quantification in
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the Internet of Battlefield Things,” was authored by Brian Jalaian and
Stephen Russell. The authors are scientists at the U.S. Army Research Lab-
oratory in Adelphi, MD. Their focus in this chapter is on mixed technolo-
gies that must be fully integrated for maximum military effect in the field
(i.e., technologies built by different businesses at different times for different
purposes must somehow become integrated to work seamlessly; e.g.,
recently the Army was successful in integrating multiple technologies for
National Defense (Freedberg, 2018)). They begin their chapter by review-
ing a wide range of advances in recent technologies for IoT, not only for

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Corresponding author: brian.a.jalaian.civ@mail.mil.