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                                                                  Indicators

                 Finally overall affinity is defined as:
                                           D 1 E
                                                                         (7.30)
                                         D 1 E 1 F
                 It is the ratio of citations from journals in J’s field over the total num-
              ber of received citations.
                 The self-cited rate expresses the degree of narcissism of the journal (in
              terms of citations). If it is equal to one, all received citations come from
              the journal itself. This is an extreme case of narcissism. If it is zero, all
              citations come from other journals: it is the other extreme.
                 Own field affinity is zero if among all citations received from the jour-
              nal’s own field, none comes from other journals in the field. It is one if
              all field citations come from other journals in the field.
                 Again, instead of a journal one may use these indicators for an author
              or a group of authors; and instead of a field one may use a country, an
              institute, a language, and so forth.

              7.13.3 Synchronous Impact Factors in So’s Framework

              Finally So (1990) also proposes the following synchronous impact factors,
              constructed via partial indicators D, E, F, and G. Again a fixed publication
              window is used. Partial indicators D, E, and F are already defined in
              Subsection 7.13.2. G is the number of articles published during the fixed
              publication window.
                 Self-directed impact, i.e., the self-cited rate, is defined as:

                                             D
                                                                         (7.31)
                                             G
                 Own-field impact is defined as
                                           D 1 E
                                                                         (7.32)
                                             G
                 Other-field impact is defined as:
                                             F
                                                                         (7.33)
                                             G
                 Finally, overall synchronous impact is defined as:
                                         D 1 E 1 F
                                                                         (7.34)
                                             G
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