Page 55 - Encyclopedia Of World History Vol IV

1356 berkshire encyclopedia of world history

Aristotle. (1941). Nicomachean ethics. In The basic works of Aristotle (R. Striker, G. (1987). Origins of the concept of natural law. In J. J. Cleary
McKeon, Ed., & W. D. Ross, Trans.). New York: Random House. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Boston area colloquium in ancient philosophy
(Original work written 350 BCE) (Vol. 2). Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Buckle, S. (1991). Natural law and the theory of property. Oxford, UK: Tuck, R. (1979). Natural rights theories: Their origin and development.
Clarendon Press. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Burns, J. H. (Ed.). (1988). The Cambridge history of medieval political White, N. P. (Trans.). (1983). The handbook of Epictetus. Indianapolis,
thought. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. IN: Hackett.
Burns, J. H. (Ed.). (1991). The Cambridge history of political thought,
1450–1700. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Cicero, M.T. (1976). On the commonwealth (G. H. Sabine & S. B. Sabine,
Eds. & Trans.). New York: Macmillan. (Original work written 54 BCE)
Dworkin, R. A. (1977). Taking rights seriously. Cambridge, MA: Har-
vard University Press. Nature
Dworkin, R.A. (1982).“Natural” law revisited. University of Florida Law
Review, 34(2), 165–188.
Farquharson, A. S. L.(Trans.). (1998). The meditations of Marcus Aure- ll cultures depend on the natural world—on plants
lius. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Aand animals, on the weather, on the sun and the sea
Finnis, J. (1980). Natural law and natural rights. Oxford, UK: Clarendon
Press. —for their sustenance. Likewise, each culture has cre-
Gratian. (1993). The treatise on laws (Decretum DD. 1–20) with the ordi- ation stories that classify and provide ethical concepts
nary glos. (A. Thompson & J. Gordley, Trans.). Washington, DC:
Catholic University of America Press. about its place in the natural world. Western culture,
Grotius, H. (1925). The law of war and peace (F. W. Kelsey, Trans.). however, beholds the multitude of universal laws, phys-
Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. (Original work published 1625)
Grotius, H. (2004). The free sea (D.Armitage, Ed., & R. Hakluyt,Trans.). ical matter, and forms of life on Earth and attempts to ex-
Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund. (Original work published 1633) press it all as a single concept called “nature.” The cultural
Haakonssen, K. (1996). Natural law and moral philosophy: From Grotius historian Raymond Williams, in his book Keywords, traces
to the Scottish enlightenment. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University
Press. the changes in usage of the word nature in the English
Johnson, H. J. (Ed.). (1987). The medieval tradition of natural law. Kala- language from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century.
mazoo: Western Michigan University Press.
He concludes that nature “is perhaps the most complex
Kretzmann, N., Kenny, A., & Pinborg, J. (Eds.). (1982). The Cambridge
history of later medieval philosophy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Uni- word in the language” (Williams 1976, 184).
versity Press. Scholars of the history of concepts of nature often
Locke, J. (1988). Two treatises of government (P. Laslett, Ed.). Cambridge,
UK: Cambridge University Press. (Original work published 1690) point to Asian cultures such as China and Japan to make
Locke, J. (1990). Questions concerning the law of nature (R. Horowitz, the distinction between Eastern and Western concepts of
J. S. Clay, & D. Clay, Eds. & Trans.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University nature. In their essay collection, Asian Perceptions of
Press. (Original work published 1664)
Long, A. A., & Sedley, D. N. (Eds. & Trans.). (1987). The Hellenistic Nature, Ole Bruun and Arne Kalland find that no Asian
philosophers (Vol. 1). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. culture has a single term that encapsulates all of nature.
Pufendorf, S. (1934). On the law of nature and nations (C. H. Oldfather
Kalland and S. N. Eisenstadt say that among the Japan-
& W. A. Oldfather, Trans.). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. (Original
work published 1672) ese, “reality is structured in shifting contexts and even in
Pufendorf, S. (1991). On the duty of man and citizen (J.Tully, Ed., & M. discrete ontological [relating to existence] entities, as
Silverthorne, Trans.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
(Original work published 1673) opposed to the absolutist Western approach” (Bruun and
Pufendorf, S. (1994). The political writings of Samuel Pufendorf (C. L. Kalland 1995, 11). Likewise, when a researcher asked
Carr, Ed., & M. J. Seidler, Trans.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University
Press. villagers in Sri Lanka if they had one word “which means
Rommen, H. A. (1998). The natural law. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty things such as forests, wild animals, trees, birds, grass
Fund. and flowers,” responses varied, including “thick jungle,”
Seneca. (1995). Moral and political essays (J. M. Cooper & J. F. Procopé,
Eds. & Trans.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. “sanctuary,” and “all sentient beings” (Bruun and Kalland
Sophocles. (1996). Antigone. In The Oedipus plays of Sophocles (P. 1995, 153).
Roche,Trans.). New York: Meridian. (Original work written 442 BCE)
The literature on the etymology (history of a linguistic
Strauss, L. (1953). Natural right and history. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press. form) of the word nature is complicated. A Documentary