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2030 berkshire encyclopedia of world history
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ing among themselves on sensitive issues. While the
Soviets devised strategy and designated their own troops
as the primary combat units, the east European militaries
managed the war games, mobilized forces, or acted as
Warsaw Pact Soviet proxies in furnishing Third World countries with
arms. The fundamental strategic plan of the Warsaw
he Warsaw Pact, officially known as the “Treaty of Pact, that is, of the Soviet Union, was to achieve a quick
TFriendship, Co-Operation, and Mutual Assistance” victory over NATO forces after any attack. In fact, docu-
among the seven socialist states of post-World War II ments recovered after the collapse of the German Demo-
Europe (Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, cratic Republic (East Germany) suggest that few people
Bulgaria, Albania, and the Soviet Union), was the Soviet outside of a narrow elite were aware of the details of
Union’s most significant multinational military alliance NATO’s defense in depth, rendering the Warsaw Pact’s
from 1955 until its collapse in 1991. As the Red Army strategic plan doubtful at best.
(later called the “Soviet Army”) swept through the eastern The most serious crises that the pact confronted were
part of Europe at the end of World War II it incorporated the Hungarian Revolution,the Prague Spring,and the Sol-
more than half a million troops from east European coun- idarity movement: In 1956, when a serious revolt broke