Page 374 - Beyond Decommissioning

350 Glossary

Maintenance The organized activity, both administrative and technical, of keeping structures,
systems, and components in good operating condition, including both preventive and
corrective (or repair) aspects.
Market value The amount at which the seller would be willing to sell and a buyer would be
willing to buy, with both being interested but not forced to sell or buy (IAEA-TECDOC-
1279, Non-Technical Factors Impacting on the Decision Making Processes in Environ-
mental Remediation, Vienna 2002).
Master plan A plan giving overall guidance (Merriam-Webster Dictionary).
Minimization (of waste) The process of reducing the amount and activity of radioactive waste
to a level as low as reasonably achievable, at all stages from the design of a facility or
activity to decommissioning, by reducing the amount of waste generated and by means
such as recycling and reuse, and treatment to reduce its activity, with due consideration for
secondary waste as well as primary waste.
Mixed waste Radioactive waste that also contains nonradioactive toxic or hazardous
substances.
Multi-attribute utility analysis A decision analysis technique that provides rigorous, sound,
and demonstrated ways to combine dissimilar measures of costs, risks, and benefits, along
with individual preferences, into high-level, aggregated measures that can be used to
evaluate alternatives (IAEA-TECDOC-1279 Non-Technical Factors Impacting on the
Decision Making Processes in Environmental Remediation, Vienna 2002).
Natural heritage*** Inherited habitats, species, ecosystems, geology, and landforms, includ-
ing those in and under water, to which people attach value.
Near miss A potential significant event that could have occurred as a consequence of a
sequence of actual occurrences but did not occur owing to the conditions prevailing at
the time.
Nuclear facility A facility (including associated buildings and equipment) in which nuclear
material is produced, processed, used, handled, stored, or disposed of.
Offsite Outside the site area.
Onsite Within the site area.
Operator (operating organization) Any person or organization applying for authorization or
authorized to operate an authorized facility and responsible for its safety.
Place*** Any part of the historic environment, of any scale, that has a distinctive identity per-
ceived by people.
Plant In this book, a plant is a complex of facilities where individual units are located, for
example, multiple generating units, power transmission equipment, fuel processing
facilities, auxiliary and service buildings, and other infrastructure. Units refer to individual
facilities such as natural gas combustion turbines, coal-fired boilers, or nuclear reactors.
Preservation The act of keeping something the same (Cambridge Dictionary).
Process A course of action or proceeding, especially a series of progressive stages in the man-
ufacture of a product or some other operation.
Program, project These two terms are often used interchangeably in the technical literature.
However, for the purposes of this book, a project is a temporary undertaking to create a
unique product or service. A project has a defined start and end point and specific
objectives that, when attained, signify completion. A program, on the other hand, is defined
as a group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available
from managing the projects individually. A program may also include elements of
ongoing, operational work. So, a program comprises multiple projects and is created to
obtain broad organizational or technical objectives. There are many differences between a
project and a program including scope, benefits realization, time, and other variables. One