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Introduction                                                    xix

                             will recognize the importance of this and related efforts to the scientifi c com-

                             munity, in general, and to military science, in particular.
                                In closing, we wish to acknowledge the dedicated efforts of those who


                             contributed directly and indirectly to this significant undertaking. We extend
                             recognition and thanks to our contributing authors whose perseverance and
                             patience have been appreciated. To our project sponsors at the U.S. Army
                             Medical Research and Materiel Command, we owe our sincerest gratitude for
                             supporting this project in every respect. Finally, we wish to acknowledge and
                             thank the following individuals for their helpful recommendations, interest,
                             and essential guidance as members of this project’s Advisory Committee:

                               Stephen T. Ahlers (Naval Medical Research Center)
                               Kenneth Boff (Air Force Research Laboratory)

                               Robert E. Foster (Office of the Secretary of Defense)


                               Robert Gifford (Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences)

                               Lt. Col. Carl Hover (U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command)
                               Maj. Nathan H. Johnson (Air Force Research Laboratory)
                               Col. Breck Lebegue (Air Force Research Laboratory)


                               Capt. Michael G. Lilienthal (Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of
                                 the Navy)
                               Col. Brian J. Lukey (U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command)
                               George Mastroianni (U.S. Air Force Academy)
                               Col. Michael Russo (U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory)
                               Maj. Tammy M. Savoie (Air Force Research Laboratory)


                               Cdr. Dylan Schmorrow (Office of Naval Research)


                               Cdr. Russell Shilling (Office of Naval Research)
                               James L. Spira (Naval Medical Center)
                               Maj. Melba Stetz (U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory)

                             References

                             Agaibi, C.E. & Wilson, J.P. (2005). Trauma, PTSD, and resilience: A review of the
                                 literature. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 6, 195–216.
                             Bonanno, G.A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience. Have we underesti-
                                 mated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? American

                                 Psychologist, 59, 20–28.
                             Charney, D.S. (2004). Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience and vulnerability:
                                 Implications for successful adaptation to extreme stress. American Journal of
                                 Psychiatry, 161, 195–216.
                             Cicchetti, D. & Walker, E.F. (2001). Stress and development: Biological and psycho-
                                 logical consequences. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 413–418.

                             Connor, K.M. (2006). Assessment of resilience in the aftermath of trauma. Journal
                                 of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 46–49.






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