Page 18 - Biorefinery 2030 Future Prospects for the Bioeconomy (2015)

Contents

1 Unique, Multi-generational Development: A Lesson in Forward
Planning .... ..... ..... ..... ...... ..... ..... ..... ..... . 1
1 Particular Features of the Region . . . .... .... .... ... .... .... 2
1.1 Geological History of Champagne . . . . . . . . . . .... ... ... . 2
1.2 Visual Appearance of the Chalk Champagne Region ....... . 4
1.3 The Champagne Climate . . . . . . . . . . . .... ... ... ... ... . 4
1.4 Agricultural Properties of Chalk Soil . .... ... .... ... .... 6
1.5 Methods of Increasing Fertility .................. ..... 7
2 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 From the Eighteenth Century Until the 1950s ............. 8
2.2 Farmers’ Unions in Champagne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 From Farmers’ Unions to Cooperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.4 Agricultural Cooperatives and Cereal Processing . . . ...... . 16
3 First Steps in the Development of the Bazancourt-Pomacle Site . . . . 19
3.1 Towards Collaborative Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 From ISTV to the Involvement of Academic Research . ..... 21
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2 An Original Business Model: The Integrated Biorefinery .. ... ... . 25
1 The Concept of Biorefinery . . . . . . . . . .... ... .... ... ... .... 26
1.1 Definitions, Technical Status and Typology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.2 The Viability of the Biorefinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1.3 The Bazancourt-Pomacle Biorefinery .... ....... ........ 31
2 Changes in the Environment that made the Bazancourt-Pomacle
Biorefinery . ..... .... .... ..... .... .... ..... .... .... .. 41
2.1 Exogenous Factors . . . ....... ....... ....... ....... . 41
2.2 Endogenous Factors . . . ..... .... ..... ..... .... ..... 44
2.3 The Strategies and Solutions that Have made the Biorefinery
What It Is Today ............... ................. .. 51
3 The Bazancourt-Pomacle Biorefinery: An On-Going
Success Story? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3.1 Technological Readiness Levels: TRL . ..... ...... ...... 58

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