Page 182 - Carrahers_Polymer_Chemistry,_Eighth_Edition
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Polycondensation Polymers                                                    145


                    Epoxy resin: Polymer produced by the condensation of epichlorohydrine and a dihydric alco-
                      hol or by the epoxidation of an unsaturated molecule.
                    Ester interchange: Reaction between an ester of a volatile alcohol and a less volatile alcohol
                      in which the lower boiling alcohol is removed by distillation.
                    Filament: Extrudate when a polymer melts or when a solution is forced through a hole in a
                      spinneret.
                    Functionality: Number of active functional groups present in a molecule.
                    Functionality factor: Average number of functional groups present per reactive molecule in a
                      mixture of reactants.
                    Furan resin: Resin produced from furfuryl alcohol or furfural.
                    Gel point: Point at which cross-linking begins to produce polymer insolubility.
                    Glyptals: Polyesters, usually cross-linked by heating.
                    Incipient gelation: Point where the DP reaches infi nity.
                    Interfacial polymerization: One in which the polymerization reaction occurs at the interface
                      of two immiscible liquids.
                    Kodel: Trade name for a PET fi ber.
                    Ladder polymer: Double-chained temperature-resistant polymer.
                    Laminate: Layers of sheets or paper or wood or other material adhered by resins and pressed
                      together like plywood.
                    Long oil alkyd: One obtained in the presence of 65%–80% of unsaturated oil.
                    Medium oil alkyd: Alkyd obtained in the presence of 50%–65% of unsaturated oil.
                    Melamine-formaldehyde resin: Resin produced by the condensation of melamine and
                      formaldehyde.
                    Microfibers: Small diameter fi bers.

                    Molding compound: Name given to describe a mixture of a resin and essential additives.
                    Nonoil alkyd: An oil-free alkyd containing no unsaturated oils.
                    Novolac: Polymers prepared by the condensation of phenol and formaldehyde under acidic
                      conditions.
                    Nylon: Synthetic polyamide.
                    Oil length: Term used to indicate the relative percentage of unsaturated oils used in the pro-
                      duction of alkyds.
                    Phenoxy resin: Polymer with hydroxyl pendant groups resembling an epoxy resin without
                      epoxy groups.
                    Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET): Linear polyester used to produce fibers and for blow-mold-

                      ing preparation of soft drink bottles; produced from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol.
                    Prepolymer: Low molecular weight material (oligomer) capable of further polymerization.
                    Resite: Cross-linked resole.
                    Resole: Linear polymer prepared by condensation of phenol and formaldehyde under alkaline
                      conditions.
                    Schotten–Baumann reaction: Traditionally the reaction between an acid chloride and a Lewis
                      base.
                    Short oil alkyd: An alkyd obtained in the presence of 30%–-50% of unsaturated oil.
                    Step-reaction polymerization: Polymerization in which polyfunctional reactants react to pro-
                      duce larger units in a continuous stepwise manner.
                    Thiokol: Trade name for a polysulfi de elastomer.
                    Unsaturated polyester: Term used to describe alkyds with unsaturated chains, particularly
                      those produced by the condensation of maleic anhydride and ethylene glycol.
                    Urea-formaldehyde resin: Resin produced by condensation of urea and formaldehyde.
                    Wasted loops: Formation of cyclic compounds instead of polymer chains.









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