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78 WANNING SUN
            this sense, the baomu can be seen to have the opportunity to participate in modernity, but
            her  presence and participation in  the  modernisation process is  conditional on her
            willingness to accept modernity’s conditions and consequences.


                                          Notes

               1 Legend has it that only married women from Sanhe were allowed to go to Beijing to work as
                 maids. It is believed that Sanhe laomazi (old woman) had two motives for becoming maids in
                 Beijing:  money and experience. Returned maids were usually perceived to be better
                 housewives since they had the experience of living in rich people’s houses. See Liu (1998).
               2 For a detailed account of Anhui’s economic development and social change see Sun (2002a).
               3‘Jingcheng baomu shu Anhui, Anhui baomu shu Wuwei.’
               4 The interview with Zhang took place in Shanghai in April 2001.
               5 The interview with Mr Mi took place in Shanghai in April 2001.
               6 I interviewed Chen Caiyun and Chen Shuiying in April 2001 in Shanghai.
               7 1 yuan is roughly the equivalent of US$0.12. Or, in reverse 1 US dollar is the equivalent of
                 more than 8 Chinese yuan.
               8 I interviewed Xu in Shanghai in April and June 2001.


                                        References

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