Page 62 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Lipids 53

A. Activated acetic acid as a component of lipids
Activated acetic acid
O
Isoprene
H C C S
3
A 2
Acetyl-CoA
Activated fatty acid 1 Active isoprene

O
C S
A O P P
Acyl-CoA
Isopentenyl diphosphate

Fats Phospholipids Glycolipids Isoprenoids

B. Isoprenoids

Metabolite Building block of Biosynthesis only in plants
modified all isoprenoids and micro-organisms
with isoprene
Camphor
Isopentenyl-AMP Active isoprene I = 2
I =1 I =1
CH 3 CH 3
O
H 3 C
Chain-like
Citronellol Geraniol isoprenoids
I = 2 I = 2 Menthol
I = 2

Juvenile hormone Farnesol Squalene Cholesterol
I = 3 I = 3 I = 6 I = 6
CH 2 OH

Retinoic
Phytol
I = 4 HO
Carotenoids
CH 2 OH (Vitamin A)
Steroid hormones
CH 2 OH
Menaquinone Bile acids
I = 4 – 6 Steroid glycosides

I = 6
Dolichol Plastoquinone
I = 14 – 24 I = 9 Tocopherol
CH 3 (Vitamin E) Cyclic
HO I = 4 isoprenoids
Rubber
I = 700 – 5 000 H 3 C O
CH 3
O CH 3
Ubiquinone
H 3 CO CH 3 I = 6 – 10
Phylloquinone
OH
H 3 CO (Vitamin K)
O n = 6–10 CH 3 I = 4
OH

Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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