Page 85 - Comparing Media Systems THREE MODELS OF MEDIA AND POLITICS

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or States, circulation mass- of press press; external of – system (except broadcasting
Atlantic Model United Ireland newspaper development commercial commercial internal (but Britain); in model governance autonomous professionalization; Ireland)

North Liberal Britain, Canada, Medium early circulation Neutral information-oriented journalism; pluralism pluralism professional broadcast formally Strong noninstitutionalized self-regulation dominated Market public strong Britain, in

Characteristics or Model Germany, historically but press

System European Corporatist Belgium, Finland, Norway, Switzerland circulation; of development press especially press; shift press; commercial politics-in-broadcasting substantial professionalization; intervention for subsidies, press in strong strong broadcasting

Media Northern Democratic Austria, Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden, newspaper mass-circulation pluralism national party strong neutral toward press; with system autonomy institutionalized self-regulation state protection freedom; particularly Scandinavia; public-service

Models: High early External in Strong Strong with

Three of –

The Polarized Model Italy, Spain circulation; oriented parallelism; parliamentary model France of (except
4.1 or Greece, pluralism, governance politics-over-broadcasting professionalization; intervention; in periods “savage
Mediterranean France, Low elite press political High external journalism; or broadcast systems Weaker state Strong press Italy; and censorship; deregulation” France)
Table Pluralist Portugal, newspaper politically commentary-oriented government instrumentalization subsidies

Industry Parallelism in State System

Newspaper Political Professionalization the of Role Media

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