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16                                                                            1 Introduction
















                            (a)                         (b)                             (c)














                            (d)                         (e)                             (f)

                Figure 1.10 Recent examples of computer vision algorithms: (a) image-based rendering (Gortler, Grzeszczuk,
                Szeliski et al. 1996), (b) image-based modeling (Debevec, Taylor, and Malik 1996) c   1996 ACM, (c) interactive
                tone mapping (Lischinski, Farbman, Uyttendaele et al. 2006a) (d) texture synthesis (Efros and Freeman 2001), (e)
                feature-based recognition (Fergus, Perona, and Zisserman 2007), (f) region-based recognition (Mori, Ren, Efros
                et al. 2004) c   2004 IEEE.



                                   Perhaps the most notable development in computer vision during this decade was the
                                increased interaction with computer graphics (Seitz and Szeliski 1999), especially in the
                                cross-disciplinary area of image-based modeling and rendering (see Chapter 13). The idea of
                                manipulating real-world imagery directly to create new animations first came to prominence
                                with image morphing techniques (Figure1.5c) (see Section 3.6.3 and Beier and Neely 1992)
                                and was later applied to view interpolation (Chen and Williams 1993; Seitz and Dyer 1996),
                                panoramic image stitching (Figure1.5a) (see Chapter 9 and Mann and Picard 1994; Chen
                                1995; Szeliski 1996; Szeliski and Shum 1997; Szeliski 2006a), and full light-field rendering
                                (Figure 1.10a) (see Section 13.3 and Gortler, Grzeszczuk, Szeliski et al. 1996; Levoy and
                                Hanrahan 1996; Shade, Gortler, He et al. 1998). At the same time, image-based modeling
                                techniques (Figure 1.10b) for automatically creating realistic 3D models from collections of
                                images were also being introduced (Beardsley, Torr, and Zisserman 1996; Debevec, Taylor,
                                and Malik 1996; Taylor, Debevec, and Malik 1996).


                                2000s. This past decade has continued to see a deepening interplay between the vision and
                                graphics fields. In particular, many of the topics introduced under the rubric of image-based
                                rendering, such as image stitching (see Chapter 9), light-field capture and rendering (see
                                Section 13.3), and high dynamic range (HDR) image capture through exposure bracketing
                                (Figure1.5b) (see Section 10.2 and Mann and Picard 1995; Debevec and Malik 1997), were
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