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NOTES

Introduction

I . See, fo r example, Robert E Berkhofer,Jr., The White Man's Indian: Images
if the American Indian J rom Columbus to the Present (New Y o rk: Alfred A.
Knopf, 1978;Vintage Books, 1979).
2. Michael P. Malone, "Beyond the Last Frontier:Toward a New Approach
to e stern American History," l-*stern Historical Quarterly 20 (November
W
1989): 409-27.
3. Jane Haggis, "White W o men and Colonialism: T o wards a Non­
Recuperative History," 45-75, in Gender and Imperialism, ed. Clare
Midgley (Manchester, England: Manchester University Press, 1998).
4. For the significance of such sources, see Judy Nolte Lensink, "Expanding
the Boundaries of Criticism: The Diary as Female Autobiography,"
W o men's Studies 14 (1987): 39-54; Edwin R. Bingham, "American W e sts
through Autobiography and Memoir," Pacific Historical Review 56
(February 1987): 1-24; Andrew P. Norman, "Telling It Like It W a s:
Historical Narratives on Their Own T e rms," History and Theory 30 (1991):
II9-35; and Brigitte Geogi-Findlay, The Frontiers if Women's Writing:
Women's Narratives and the Rhetoric oj l-*stward Expansion (Tucson:
University of Arizona Press, 1996).
5 . Annette Bennington McElhiney, "The Image of the Pioneer W o man in
.
the American Novel" (Ph.D. diss , University of Denver, 1978); Glenwood
Irons, ed., Gender, Language, and Myth: Essays on Popular Narrative (Toronto:
W
T
University of o ronto Press); and Barbara Cloud, "Images of o men in
the Mining-camp Press," Nevada State Historical Society 36 (fall 1993):
194-207.

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