Page 10 - Control Theory in Biomedical Engineering

Preface xv

human fatigue and contamination risk as well as improve dexterity, precision,
and many other capabilities of doctors and surgeons. They reduce patient
trauma, offer faster recovery, and limit scarring. The most widely used surgical
robot worldwide is the da Vinci surgical system, which is used in 67 countries
and used to perform more than 7.2 million surgical procedures.
This book is a timely and comprehensive guide for graduate students and
researchers in both control engineering and biomedical engineering fields. It
is also useful for medical students and practitioners who want to enhance
their understanding of physiological processes and medical robotics. Written
by eminent scientists in the field, this book is a unique reference illustrating
the many facets of control theory in biomedical engineering through con-
crete examples.
It contains 12 chapters organized into two parts. Part I introduces appli-
cations of control theory in physiology, and Part II describes the related
applications in medical robotics.
Chapter 1 presents key definitions and principles of modeling and con-
trol physiological systems. A comprehensive literature survey is compiled to
provide an overall picture of this application area and reveals its impact in our
human life. Challenges and future trends are also presented.
In Chapter 2, a simplified mathematical model of cholesterol homeostasis
is introduced to describe the rate of changes in the cholesterol level in the
blood and liver. The proposed model helps to understand causes of choles-
terol homeostasis disorders, the different ways to lower its concentration,
and possible investigations in its therapy.
Chapter 3 presents an artificial pancreas system for the treatment of type 1
diabetes. The proposed system is a fully automated insulin delivery system
working with no meal and physical activity announcements. It uses an
adaptive-learning model with a predictive control algorithm designed to
compute a safe and optimal insulin amount.
Chapter 4 presents a mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions
under chemotherapy treatment. The model is described by a system with
delay differential equations and governed by an optimal control law. It
shows the impact of the optimal treatment after few days of therapy.
In Chapter 5, a cardiac arrhythmia classification method based on the
fuzzy logic controller and the genetic algorithm is introduced. The proposed
approach is used to classify the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database recordings
into five cardiac cases.
Chapter 6 reviews the handwriting models proposed in literature. The
relationship between hand or/and forearm electromyography (EMG) signals