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Brand Development and Brand Strategy  211

        Table 8.4 Paradigms of the Brand Development Process

                             Classical Brand     Brand Leadership
          Features           Management Model    Model
          Perspective        Tactical and reactive  Strategic and visionary

          Brand manager status  Less experienced, short  Higher in the
                             time horizon        organization, longer
                                                 time horizon
          Conceptual model   Brand image         Brand equity
          Focus              Short-term financials  Brand equity measures

          Product-market scope  Single products and  Multiple products and
                             markets             markets
          Brand structures   Simple              Complex brand structures

          Number of brands   Focus on single brands  Category focus––
                                                 multiple brands

          Country scope      Single country      Global perspectives
          Brand manager’s    Coordinator of limited  Team leader of multiple
          communication role  options            communication options

          Communication focus  External/customer  External and internal
          Driver of strategy  Sales and share    Brand identity

        Source: Adapted from Aaker (2000).
        (Davis 2000).  The differences between the two brand development
        paradigms are shown in Table 8.4.

        The new paradigm for the brand development and management is more
        focused on the management of the brand as a strategic asset of the company
        (Arnold 1992; Davis 2000; and Aaker 1996). The brand development
        process defined from this paradigm generally consists of the following
        phases (Fig. 8.9):
          1. Brand strategy analysis
          2. Brand strategy development
          3. Brand implementation
          4. Brand evaluation
        We discuss these four phases in detail.
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