Page 317 - Distillation theory

P1: JPJ/FFX P2: FCH/FFX QC: FCH/FFX T1: FCH
0521820928c08 CB644-Petlyuk-v1 June 11, 2004 20:20

8.4 Multicomponent Azeotropic Mixtures: Presynthesis 291

2

a)
α 23

1234 α 23 1324
1 4
α 13
α 23 α 13
13 3124
3
2 2
b) c)
α 23 α 23 1324
1324
α 13
1234
1234
3124
1 3 1 4
α 23 13 α 23
3 3
d) e)
13 3124 α 13 3124

1324
α 23
α 13 α 13
1324
1234
1 4 2 4
α 23
j
t(2)
Figure 8.11. Tear-off segments Reg e (thick gray lines) on
j i
t(3)
edges(a) and tear-off regions Reg e (shaded) on faces (b ÷ e)
i
of acetone(1)- benzene(2)- chloroform(3)-toluene(4) concentra-
2,3
t(2)
tion thetrahedron for intermediate section: (a) Reg e (entrainer
1,2 3 1,4
t(2) t(3)
4) and Reg e (entrainer 4), (c) Reg e (entrainer 4 or 2,4), (d)
3,4 1,2,4
2 1
t(3) t(3)
Reg e (entrainer 4 or 3,4), (e) Reg e (entrainer 2,4).
1,3,4 2,3,4
As one can see in Fig. 8.11, the trajectory tear-off is possible from all points
2,3 1,2
t t(2) t
of edge 1-4([1-4] ≡ Reg ∈ Reg e ), segment [3, α 13 ] of edge 3-4([3-α 13 ] ≡ Reg ∈
e e
1,4 3 2 3,4
t(2) t t(3) t t(3)
Reg e ), face 1-2-4({1-2-4} ≡ Reg ∈ Reg e ), face 1-3-4({1-3-4} ≡ Reg ∈ Reg e ),
e
e
1,2,4 1,3,4
3,1,2,4 3,1,2,4 1 t(3)
t
and region Reg ord in face 2-3-4 (Reg ord ≡ Reg ∈ Reg e ) (in all these cases, the
e
2,3,4
components absent at the edge or in the face are intermediate).