Page 142 - Electrical Engineering Dictionary

See hierarchical clustering. See also potential onto the second barrier, which re-
distance measure, similarity measure. sults in the immediate inducing of a particle
tunneling through this latter barrier.
clutter the name given to background
signals which are currently irrelevant to a de- coarticulation the transient process cor-
tection system; clutter is a form of structured responding to the utterance of two phonemes.
noise. It is due to the movement of the articulatory
organs between the different positions corre-
CMA See constant modulus algorithm.
sponding to the two phonemes.
CMAC network See cerebellar model
coax See coaxial cable.
articulation network.
CMMR See common mode rejection coaxial cable A transmission line formed
ratio. by two concentric conductors separated by a
dielectric designed to confine the fields and
CMOS See complementary metal oxide their energy in the medium between said con-
semiconductor. ductors. It is often used in applications where
signal interference between the cable and its
CO abbreviation for central switching surrounds must be kept to a minimum. Also
office. called coax.

CO 2 See carbon dioxide.
coaxial magnetron a radial magnetron
where the anode and cathode are gradually
CO 2 laser See carbon dioxide laser.
transformed into a coaxial line.
co-linear array a phased array of straight
elements in which the axes of the elements lie cochannel interference (CCI) interfer-
along a common line. The elements are typ- ence caused by radio transmitters operating
ically center fed half-wave dipoles or folded on the same radio frequency as that of a par-
dipoles. ticular wanted radio frequency signal.

co-occurrence matrix an array of num- cochannel interference reduction factor
bers that relates the measured statistical de- (CIRF) a key factor used to design a cel-
pendency of pixel pairs. Co-occurrence ma- lular system to avoid the cochannel interfer-
trices are used in image processing to identify ence.
the textural features of an image.
cochannel reuse ratio (CRR) the reuse
co-prime polynomials polynomials that
ratio between radio communication cells us-
have no common factors. For example, poly- ing the same radio channels.
2
2
nomials(s +9s+20)and(s +7s+6)areco-
2
2
prime, while (s +5s +6) and (s +9s +14)
are not, since they have a common (s + 2) cochannels radio channels occupying the
factor. same radio frequency allocation n.
co-tunneling a cooperative process, cochlea a snail-shaped passage commu-
whereby electrons can tunnel through two se- nicating with the middle ear via the round and
ries connected tunneling barriers. In this pro- oval window. Its operation consists of trans-
cess, the tunneling of an electron through one ducing the acoustical vibration to nerve im-
of the barriers causes a self-consistent shift of pulses, subsequently processed in the brain.

c
2000 by CRC Press LLC