Page 167 - Electrical Engineering Dictionary

disturbances, that can be further processed continuous spectrum when an eigen-
and studied to determine the extent of secu- value problem is defined over an infinite do-
rity violations in the system. main, the eigenvalues bunch together to form
a continuum or a continuous spectrum. This
continuity equation axiom that charge concept is of fundamental importance for
is a conserved quantity. In point-form, the open waveguides either of electromagnetic
continuity equation is stated as or acoustic type.

∂ρ continuous speech recognition the pro-
− =∇ · J,
∂t cess of recognizing speech pronounced natu-
rally with no pauses between different words.
where ρ is the charge density and J is the
current density. continuous system See incremental
gain.
continuous duty National Electrical
Manufacturers Association (NEMA) classi- continuous time signal See signal.
fication describing an application in which a
machine operates for long periods of time at continuous time system a process that
relatively constant loads. transforms continuous time input signals to
continuous time output signals. See also
continuous Hopfield network a Hop- system.
field network with the same structure as the
continuous tone image coding a process
discrete version, the one difference being the
that converts a digitized continuous tone im-
replacement of the linear threshold units by
age to a binary bit stream which has fewer
neurons with sigmoidal characteristics. Any
bits than the original image for the purpose
initial setting of the neuron outputs leads to a
of efficient storage and transmission. See still
motion in the network’s state space towards
image coding.
an attractor which, so long as the weights in
the network are symmetric, is a fixed point.
continuous wave (CW) periodic and usu-
This allows the network to be employed for
ally sinusoidal wave, in contrast to a pulsed
the solution of combinatorial optimization
or modulated wave.
problems (its main application) by arrang-
ing the network’s weights so that an optimal
continuous-valued logic similarity by
solution lies at a fixed point of the network’s
using the definition of the equivalence in
dynamics. Compare with discrete Hopfield
continuous-valued logic, similarity between
network.
two variables x = (x 0 ,...,x n ) and y =
(y 0 ,..., y n ), all components of which are
continuous rating term often used to re-
continuous in the open interval (0, 1), can be
fer to the manufacturer’s nameplate ratings
defined as
for an electrical machine, which are the rated v
operating conditions guaranteed by the man- u n ρ
uX
ufacturer for continuous-duty operation. See S C (x, y) = ρ t (e (x i ,y i ))
also continuous duty. i=1
where ρ takes real value.
continuous signal a continuous function See equivalence in continuous-valued
of one or more independent variables such logicfor definition of e(x i ,y i ).
as time, that typically contains information
about the behavior or nature of some phe- contour the edge that separates an object
nomenon. from other objects and the background. It
c
2000 by CRC Press LLC