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range. A typical example is a fuzzy model of
                                                                     Takagi–Sugeno–Kang type.

                                                                     fuzzylocalsystem  fuzzysysteminasense
                                                                     of local region of plant operation range. A
                              Pure fuzzy inference system.
                                                                     typical example is a fuzzy system of Takagi–
                                                                     Sugeno–Kang type.

                                                                     fuzzy logic  introduced by Zadeh (1973),
                                                                     gives us a system of logic that deals with
                                                                     fuzzy quantities, the kind of information hu-
                                                                     mans manipulate that is generally impre-
                              Mamdani fuzzy system.                  cise and uncertain.  Fuzzy logic’s main
                                                                     characteristics is the robustness of its in-
                              fuzzy input–output model  input–output  terpolative reasoning mechanism. See also
                              models involving fuzzy logic concepts. A  approximate reasoning, linguistic variable,
                              typical example is a fuzzy dynamic model  modifier, generalized modus ponens.
                              consisting of a number of local linear trans-
                              fer functions connected by a set of nonlinear  fuzzy logic controller  controller based on
                              membership functions.                  a fuzzy logic system. See also fuzzy logic
                                                                     system.
                              fuzzy integral  an aggregation operator
                              used to integrate multiattribute fuzzy infor-  fuzzy logic system  a system of logic that
                              mation. It is a functional defined by using  deals with fuzzy quantities, that are unprecise
                              fuzzy measures, which corresponds to prob-  and uncertain.
                              ability expectations. Two commonly used
                              fuzzy integrals are Sugeno integral and Cho-  fuzzy measure  a subjective scale used to
                              quet integral.                         express the grade of fuzziness similar to the
                                                                     way probability measure is used to express
                              fuzzy intensification  an operator that in-  the degree of randomness. An example of
                              creases the membership function of a fuzzy  fuzzy measure is g λ -fuzzy measure proposed
                              set above the crossover point and decreases  by Sugeno.
                              that of a fuzzy set below the crossover point.
                                                                     fuzzy membership function   function
                              fuzzy intersection  the fuzzy intersection  of characterizing fuzzy sets in a universe
                              is interpreted as “A AND B,” which takes  of discourse which takes values in the in-
                              the minimum value of the two membership  terval [0, 1].  Typical membership func-
                              functions.                             tions include triangular, trapezoid, pseudo-
                                                                     trapezoid, and Gaussian functions.
                              fuzzy ISODATA   See fuzzy c-means.
                                                                     fuzzy minus  the minus operation applied
                              fuzzy local control  fuzzy control in a  to a fuzzy set to give an intermediate effect
                              sense of local region of plant operation range,  of dilation. See also fuzzy plus.
                              which is a key feature of fuzzy control. A
                              typical example is a local control based on a  fuzzy model  See also fuzzy inference
                              local fuzzy dynamic model.             system.

                              fuzzy local model   a fuzzy model in   fuzzy model-based control  fuzzy control
                              a sense of local region of plant operation  based on various kinds of mathematical or



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