Page 109 - English Vocabulary In Use upper intermediet and advance

Science and technology

You are probably familiar with the traditional branches of science e.g. chemistry, physics,
botany and zoology. But what about these newer fields?
genetic engineering: the study of the artificial manipulation of the make-up of living things
molecular biology: the study of the structure and function of the organic molecules
associated with living organisms
cybernetics: the study of the way information is moved and controlled by the brain or by
machinery
information technology: the study of technology related to the transfer of information
(computers, digital electronics, telecommunications)
bioclimatology: the study of climate as it affects humans
geopolitics: study of the way geographical factors help to explain the basis of the power of
nation states
nuclear engineering: the study of the way nuclear power can be made useful
cryogenics: the study of physical systems at temperatures less than 183" C
astrophysics: the application of physical laws and theories to stars and galaxies

Here are some of the modern inventions which we are now becoming quite used to.

The verbs in the sentences below are all useful in scientific contexts.
He experimented with a number of different materials before finding the right one.
The technician pressed a button and lights started flashing.
When she pulled a lever, the wheel began to rotate.
The zoologist dissected the animal.
When they were combined, the two chemicals reacted violently with each other.
After anal~sing the problem, the ~h~sicist concluded that there was a flaw in his initial
hypothesis.
James Matt invented the steam engine and Alexander Fleming, another Scot, discovered
penicillin.
After switching on the computer, insert a floppy disc into the disc drive.
You must patent your invention as quickly as possible.

English Vocabulary in Use