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References                                                       49


         55 Kashyap R., Williams D. L., and Smith R. P., "Novel liquid and liquid crystal
            cored fibre Bragg gratings," in Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling
            in Glass Fibers and Waveguides: Fundamentals and Applications, Vol. 17,
            1997 OSA Technical Series (Optical Society of America, Washington DC,
            1997), paper BSuBS, pp. 25-27 (1997).
         56 Dong L., Loh W. H., Caplen J. E., Hsu K., and Minelly J. D., "Photosensitive
            Er/Yb optical fibers for efficient single frequency fiber lasers," in Tech. Digest.
            ofConf. on Opt. Fiber Commun., OFC'97, pp. 29-30 (1997).
         57 Kashyap R., Holmes M. H., Williams D. L., and Smith R. P., "Ultra-narrow
            band radiation mode filters," IOP, London, 1 May 1997.
         58 Holmes M. J., Kashyap R., Wyatt R., and Smith R. P., "Development of radia-
            tion mode filters for WDM," IEE Colloquia on multi-wavelength Networks:
            Devices Systems and Network Implementations, Ref. 1998/296, June 1998.
         59 Bonino S., Norgia M., Riccardi E., and Schiano M., "Measurement of polarisa-
            tion properties of chirped fibre gratings," in Technical Digest of OFMC'97,
            pp. 10-13, (1997).
         60 Kashyap R., Unpublished. Type IIA gratings have been regularly observed
            in B-Ge fibers with (15 mol% Ge) during writing with a CW 244-nm laser
            between 20 and 40 minutes of exposure. Presently, there is no other public
            domain data on this.
         61 Douay M., private communication.
         62 Baker S. R., Rourke H. N., Baker V., and Goodchild D., "Thermal decay of fiber
            Bragg gratings written in borongermania codoped silica fiber," J. Lightwave
            Technol. 15(8), 1470-1477 (1997).
         63 Dong L., Cruz J. L., Reekie L., Xu M. G., and Payne D. N., "Large photo-
            induced changes in Sn-codoped germanosilicate fibers," in Photosensitivity
            and Quadratic Nonlinearity in Glass Waveguides: Fundamentals and Appli-
            cations, Vol. 22, 1995 OSA Technical Series (Optical Society of America,
            Washington DC, 1995), paper SUA2, pp. 70-73 (1995).
         64 See, for example, Lemaire P. J., Watson H. A., DiGiovanni D. J., and Walker
            K. L., "Prediction of long term hydrogen induced loss increases in Er-doped
            amplifiers," IEEE. Photonic Technol. Lett. 5(2), 214-217 (1993), and refer-
            ences therein.
         65 Lemaire P. J., "Reliability of optical fibers exposed to hydrogen: prediction
            of long-term loss increases," Opt. Eng. 30(6), 780-789 (1991).

         66 Lemaire P., Atkins R. M., Mizrahi V, and Reed W. A., "High pressure H 2
            loading as a technique for achieving ultrahigh UV photosensitivity and ther-
            mal sensitivity in GeO 2 doped optical fibres," Electron. Lett. 29(13), 1191
            (1993).
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