Page 41 - Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants

P. 41

An Introduction to Adhesives and Sealants 11

TABLE 1.2 Historical Development of Adhesives and
Sealants
Approximate decade of
commercial
availability Adhesive or sealant
Pre 1910 Glue from animal bones
Fish glue
Vegetable adhesives
1910 Phenol-formaldehyde
Casein glues
1920 Cellulose ester
Alkyd resin
Cyclized rubber in adhesives
Polychloroprene (Neoprene)
Soybean adhesives
1930 Urea-formaldehyde
Pressure sensitive tapes
Phenolic resin adhesive ﬁlms
Polyvinyl acetate wood glues
1940 Nitrile-phenolic
Chlorinated rubber
Melamine formaldehyde
Vinyl-phenolic
Acrylic
Polyurethanes
1950 Epoxies
Cyanoacrylates
Anaerobics
Epoxy alloys
1960 Polyimide
Polybenzimidazole
Polyquinoxaline
1970 Second-generation acrylic
Acrylic pressure sensitive
Structural polyurethanes
1980 Tougheners for thermoset resins
Waterborne epoxies
Waterborne contact adhesives
Formable and foamed hot melts
1990 Polyurethane modiﬁed epoxy
Curable hot melts
UV and light cure systems

adhesive systems were deﬁned, introduced, and veriﬁed in the late
1970’s.
With successful experiences in these industries, it was soon realized
that adhesives could be used to economically replace mechanical fas-
tening methods such as welding, brazing, or riveting. It was also re-

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