Page 206 - Handbook of Deep Learning in Biomedical Engineering Techniques and Applications

196 Chapter 7 Early detection and diagnosis using deep learning

Figure 7.3 Healthcare sector is influenced by artificial intelligence with
machine learning and deep learning like this.

1.2.1 Branches of biomedical engineering
Biomedical engineering combines life sciences and experi-
mental sciences with various engineering disciplines in multiple
ways, leading to a variety of applications. These applications
affect daily life by making devices and developing technology
that helps with disease detection, treatment, rehabilitation for in-
juries, and disabilities. While there are numerous branches of
biomedical engineering, some of the major ones are as follows:
1. Medical engineering
Medical engineering covers all diagnostic and treatment-
related applications of biomedical engineering. It further extends
to tackling systems of healthcare and medical problems such as
the replacement of organs.
2. Bionics
Bionics refers to the improvement or replacement of organs
using mechanical alternatives. Cochlear implants, popularly
known as the bionic ear, are a successful example of one such
replacement.
3. Human factors engineering
This discipline of engineering is the application of psychology,
sociology, and physiology to the engineering of machines. This
aims at improving human interaction, reducing errors, and
enhancing productivity.
4. Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering concernsitselfwithartificiallymanipulating
nucleic acids, such as DNA, by modification and recombination to