Page 48 - Handbook of Hazardous Chemical Properties

38 BENZENE

BENZENE
Chemical Designations - Synonyms: Benzol, Benzole; Chemical Formula: C,%.
Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as normally shipped): Liquid; Color: Colorless; Odor:
Aromatic; Pleasant aromatic odor, characteristic odor.
Physical and Chemical Properties - Physical State at 15 'C and I atm. : Liquid; Molecular Weight:
78.11; Boiling Point at I am.: 176, 80.1, 353.3; Freezing Point: 42.0, 5.5, 278.7; Critical
Temperme: 552.0, 288.9, 562.1; Critical Pressure: 710, 48.3,4.89; Specific Gravity: 0.879 at 20
"C (liquid); Vapor (Gas) Density: 2.7; Ratio of Spec@c Heats of Vapor (Gas): 1.061; Latent Heat of
Vaporization: 169, 94.1, 3.94; Heat of Combustion: -17460, -9698, -406.0; Heat of Decomposition:
Not pertinent.
Health Hazards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment: Hydrocarbon vapor
canister, supplied air respirator or a hose mask; hydrocarbon insoluble rubber or plastic gloves;
chemical goggles or face splash shield; hydrocarbon-insoluble apron such as neoprene.; Symptoms
Following Exposure: Dizziness, excitation, pallor, followed by flushing, weakness, headache,
breathlessness, chest constriction. Coma and possible death.; General Treatmentfor Exposure: SKIN:
Flush with water followed by soap and water; remove contaminated clothing and wash skin. EYES:
Flush with plenty of water until irritation subsides. INHALATION: Remove from exposed environment
immediately. Call a physician. If breathing is irregular or stopped, start resuscitation, administer
oxygen.; Toxicity by Inhalation (Threshold Limit Value): 25 ppm; Short-Tern Exposure Limits: 75 ppm
for 30 minutes; Toxicity by Ingestion: LD,, 50 - 500 mglkg; Late Toxicity: Leukemia; Vapor (Gas)
Irritant Characteristics: If present in high concentrations, vapors may cause irritation of eyes or
respiratory system. Effect is usually temporary. ; Liquid or Solid Irritant Characteristics: Represents
minimum hazard. If spilled on clothing and allowed to remain, may cause smarting and reddening of
skin.; Odor i%reshold 4-7 ppm.
Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F): 12 CC; Flammable Limits in Air (X): 1.3 - 7.9; Fire
Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, foam and carbon dioxide; Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be
Used Water may be ineffective; Special Hazards of Combmtion Products: Not pertinent; Behavior in
Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and can travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back;
Ignition Temperature (deg. F): 1,097; Electrical Hazard Class I, Group D; Burning Rate: 6.0
mndmin.
Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water: No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No
reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents forAcids and Caustics: Not pertinent;
Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE
Chemical Designations - Synonyms: BHC, 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane; Chemical
Fornula: C,&Cl,,
Observable Characteristics - Physical State (as normally shipped): Solid; Color: Light tan to dark
brown; Odor: Characteristic.
Physical and Chemical Properties - Physical State at 15 "c and I atm. : Solid; Molecular Weight:
290.83; Boiling Point at I atm. : Not pertinent; Freezing Point: Not pertinent; Critical Temperature:
Not pertinent; Critical Pressure: Not pertinent; SpeciJic Gravity: 1.891 at 19 "C (solid); Vapor (Gas)
Density: Not pertinent; Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gar): Not pertinent; Latent Heat of
Vaporization: Not pertinent; Heat of Combustion: Not pertinent; Heat ofDecomposition: Not pertinent.
Health Hazards Information - Recommended Personal Protective Equipment: Respiratory protection;
ensure handling in a well ventilated area.; Symptoms Following Exposure: Hyperirritability and central
nervous system excitation; notably vomiting, restlessness, muscle spasms, ataxia, clonic and tonic
convulsions. Occasional dermatitis and urticaria.; General Treamrent for Exposure: Gastric lavage and
saline cathartics (not oil laxatives because they promote abortion). Sedatives: pentobarbital or
phenobarbitol in amounts adequate to control convulsions. Calcium gluconate intravenously may be
used in conjunction with sedatives to control convulsions. Keep patient quiet. Do not use epinephrine
because ventricular fibrillation may result; Toxicity by Inhalation (ThresholdLimit Value): 0.5 mg/m3;