Page 10 - Handbook of Properties of Textile and Technical Fibres

Contents ix

14 Tensile properties of polypropylene fibers 515
Emmanuel Richaud, Bruno Fayolle, Peter Davies
14.1 Introduction 515
14.2 Polypropylene structure and properties 515
14.3 Polypropylene fiber processing 519
14.4 Initial tensile properties 523
14.5 Fiber durability 526
14.6 Example of PP fiber ropes in service 531
14.7 Conclusions 535
References 536

15 Polyacrylonitrile fibers 545
Bhupender S. Gupta, Mehdi Afshari
15.1 Introduction 545
15.2 Preparation of acrylonitrile 547
15.3 Polymerization of acrylonitrile polymer 548
15.4 Stereoregularity and chain conformation of polyacrylonitrile 555
15.5 Acrylic fiber manufacturing 557
15.6 Structure of acrylic fibers 565
15.7 Physical properties of acrylic fibers 568
15.8 Carbon fiber precursor 570
15.9 Failure mechanisms of acrylic fibers 576
15.10 Conclusions 587
References 588

16 Tensile fatigue of thermoplastic fibers 595
Anthony R. Bunsell, J. Martin Herrera Ramirez, Christophe Le Clerc
16.1 Introduction 595
16.2 Principles of tensile fatigue 597
16.3 The tensile and fatigue failures of thermoplastic textile fibers
produced by melt spinning 598
16.4 Mechanisms involved in fiber fatigue 606
16.5 Tensile and fatigue failure at elevated temperatures and in
structures 612
16.6 Conclusions 617
Acknowledgments 617
References 617

Part Four High performance reinforcing synthetic fibres 619

17 Liquid crystalline organic fibers and their mechanical behavior 621
Alessandro Pegoretti, Matteo Traina
17.1 Introduction 621
17.2 Liquid crystalline aromatic polyamide fibers 625