Page 428 - Handbook of Properties of Textile and Technical Fibres

The chemistry, manufacture, and tensile behavior of polyamide fibers 401

Table 12.5 Spinning, drawing, and annealing methods for nylon 6
fibers and films (Kunugi et al., 1998)

Chief
Year Method researcher E (GPa) s (GPa)
1979 Zone drawing/zone annealing Kunugi 8.3 1.0
1979 Spinning of mixture of nylon with LiCl/ Ciferris 14 e
LiBr/drawing/annealing
1979 Plasticization with NH 3 /coextrusion Porter 13 0.6
1981 Spinning of mixture of nylon with LiCl/ Ward 8 e
drawing/annealing
1981 Solution crystallization in 1,4-butandiol/ Porter 6.7 e
solid-state coextrusion
1982 Zone drawing (one time)/Zone annealing Kunugi 10.8 1.0
(six times)
1983 Zone drawing (four times)/Zone annealing Kunugi 16.9 1.17
(six times)/Heat setting
1985 Dissolution in formic acid/chloroform/dry Penning 19 1.0
spinning/hot drawing
1986 Plasticization with iodine/drawing at 55 C/ Porter 6 e

removal of iodine
1986 Gellation with benzyl alcohol/partially Porter 5.6 e
dried film/coextrusion
1993 Repeated heating and cooling cycles under Kunugi 21 e
sinusoidal deformation
1993 High-temperature zone drawing/heat Kunugi 21.1 1.11
treatment under high tension

low-molecular-weight. By subsequent polycondensation at 225 Cthe final polymer
is created. PA 46 contains more amide groups and therefore more hydrogen bonds in
each unit, more symmetry, high moisture absorption, and crystallizes faster and to a
higher level than the comparable polyamides, e.g., PA 6 and PA 66 (Fourné, 1999).

PA 46 has a melting point of 290 C, the glass transition temperature in the dry state is
3

82 C, and its density is 1180 kg/m .These fibers can be beneficially used for tire
cord, sewing thread, filters, and felts.
12.4.7.2 PA 610
PA 610 is produced from hexamethylene diamine and sebacic acid. Equimolar quan-
tities of these monomers in water or methanol form the PA 610 salt. Polycondensation
occurs similarly to PA 66 under pressure, subsequent pressure drop, and extrusion at