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262                            CHAPTER 5 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
















































                 FIGURE 5.33 (a) Excretion rate (means and standard deviations of the means) of ethyfe-
                 nethiourea (ETU) in the urine (ng/h) of potato field applicators (circles) (groups I and II) and pine
                 nursery weeders (squares) (group IV) after exposure to ethylene bisdithiocarbamates during
                 pesticide application (groups I and II) and the weeding of the sprayed vegetation (group IV). The
                 ETU concentrations were at the detection limit in group IV after two weeks of follow-up (two
                 last time points), (b) Excretion rate of ethylenethiourea (ETU) (means and standard deviations of
                 the means) in the urine (ng/h) of potato field applicators (group I) during 60 h after the cessation
                 of exposure to ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides. The first time point at 10 h after the ces-
                 sation of the application was omitted from the analysis because of possible continuous exposure
                 for a few hours after the application and because of the effect of dermal absorption. The regres-
                 sion equation is y = -6x + 455, where y Is the excretion rate of ETU (ng/h), x is the time (h),
                                            2
                 and the correlation coefficient squared (r ) is 0.86, [With permission from Kurttio, P., and Savol-
                 ainen, K., (1990). Ethylenethiourea in air and in urine: Implications to exposure to ethylenebis-
                 dfthiocarbamate fungicides. Scond. J. Work Environ. Health 16, 203-207.]
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