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Contents  ix


              12. Simulation, Control, and Optimization of Water Systems
                 in Industrial Plants                                      463

                 Jijnasa Panigrahi, Sharad C. Sharma
                 12.1 Introduction                                          463
                 12.2 Applicability in Various Industries                   472
                 12.3 Technology Application                                478
                 12.4 Conclusion                                            486
                 References                                                 487

              13. Zero Liquid Discharge Solutions                          489

                 Shrikant Ahirrao
                 13.1 Introduction                                          489
                 13.2 Zero Liquid Discharge                                 490
                 13.3 Evaporation                                           492
                 13.4 Solids Separation Equipment                           499
                 13.5 Case Studies                                          500
                 13.6 Summary                                               519

              14. Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling, and Reuse—Past,
                 Present, and Future                                       521
                 Vivek V. Ranade, Vinay M. Bhandari

                 14.1 Introduction                                          521
                 14.2 The Past                                              522
                 14.3 The Present                                           523
                 14.4 The Future                                            530
                 References                                                 535

              Notations                                                     537
              Index                                                         543
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