Page 430 - Integrated Wireless Propagation Models

408 I n d e x

Ray tracing, in-building (Cont.): Repeaters:
Lee single-floor compared to, 307, 308f, 315f - 316 f , benefits of, 345
334, 335 f, 370f in special areas design:
millimeter wave, 393 calculations, 352-353
path loss for, 329, 330f coverage with, 352-357, 358 f
shadow considerations, 330 coverage without, 354, 354 f - 356 f
technique, 328-329 microcell compared to, 357-358
test points, 370 f noise level, 3531
microcell: types, 352
features, 2561 Republic Polytechnic (RP), 290-291,
Lee comparison to, 372f 293f - 294 f, 334
pros and cons of, 394 Reverse link:
Rayleigh fading: combined plot:
characteristics, 4 general, 350, 351f
data obtaining, 14 with rnicrocell, 360 f
diversity techniques for, 2 with repeaters, 358 f
flat fading and, 11 without repeaters, 356 f
propagation model, 22-23, 23f general coverage, 350, 351f
Rician distribution to, 28, 94, 385 special area:
satellite prediction, 384, 385 masthead LNA, 363f
types of, 6 microcell, 360 f
underwater prediction with, 387-388, 389f repeaters, 352-357, 358f
Rayleigh scattering, 42 Rician distribution. See also Longley-Rice model
Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI): in on-body model, 94
grid files, 156 overview, 27-28
Lee in-building test points, 367-370 in satellite channel model, 385
Lee macrocell test points, 372-375 Ring, Doug, 14
Lee microcell test points, 370-372 Rooftops, ITU-R P.1411 propagation over, 250-253,
in Los Angeles, 154 f 254 f
in San Francisco, 215f - 218f, 218, 230f - 233f RSSI. See Received Signal Strength Indicator
Receiver noise, 377
Reception, conditions for, 5. See also Signal - s -
strength satellite communication signals:
Recursive model, 247-248 aircraft, 392
Reflection, 28-33 channel models, 384-385
Brewster angle of, 31-32 interference in, 383
in close-in distance, 263-264 path loss model, 383-384, 386
coefficient, 28-31 Saunders, S. R., 87
four-ray, 242-243 Sea ttering:
ground (two-ray): local, radius of, 44-45
close-in distance derived from, 263-268, types of, 42
269f Sectorization, 14, 15-18, 18f
coefficient of, 44, 264, 265-267 Settled field concept, 88-89
expression of, 32-33, 33f Shadow loss. See Non-line-of-sight
mediums comparison for, 301, 2641 Short-term fading. See Rayleigh fading
ideal, 31f Simulation:
in near-in distance, 189 of antenna tilting, 142-143
principles of, 28 of co-channel interference, 17-22
in random waveguide model, 243-245 of Lee microcell comparisons:
six-ray, 242-243 model, 148-149, 150 f
smooth-surface, 29f results, 150-155
water, Lee model for, 131-136, 137 f , 138f, 204 worst-case, 153, 153 f, 155
Refraction: of Lee single-floor comparisons, 303-307, 308f
altitude and, 388-389 Monte Carlo model, 148-149
Bullington monograms and, 56-57, 57 f Simulcast interference, 46