Page 373 - Introduction to Paleobiology and The Fossil Record

360 INTRODUCTION TO PALEOBIOLOGY AND THE FOSSIL RECORD

Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale. Nature 442,
Review questions 159–163.
Christensen, W.K. 2000. Gradualistic evolution in
1 There has been some diffi culty identifying
the first mollusk. What are the key fea- Belemnitella from the middle Campanian of Lower

Saxony, NW Germany. Bulletin of the Geological
tures of the phylum and how would they Society of Denmark 47, 135–63.
be recognized in the fi rst mollusk? Doyle, P. & MacDonald, D.I.M. 1993. Belemnite battle-
2 Many taxa that form part of the Early fi elds. Lethaia 26, 65–80.
Cambrian biota are undoubtedly mol- Erwin, D.H. 2007. Disparity: morphological pattern
lusks. Which mollusk groups are already and developmental context. Palaeontology 50,
present in the small shelly fauna? 57–73.
3 Theoretical morphospace is a useful tool Fedonkin, M. & Waggoner, B.M. 1997. The Late Pre-
to investigate shell morphology. Some cambrian fossil Kimberella is a mollusk-like bilate-
groups are more constrained in their rian organism. Nature 388, 868–71.
developmental opportunities than others. Harper, E.M. 2006. Disecting post-Palaeozoic arms
What advantages should univalved mol- races. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeo-
ecology 232, 322–43.
lusks have over bivalved mollusks in a Jacobs, D.K. & Landman, N.H. 1993. Nautilus – a
quest to generate extreme morphotypes? poor model for the function and behavior of ammo-
4 Belemnites seem an unlikely group to test noids. Lethaia 26, 101–11.
models for microevolution. What condi- Milsom, C. & Rigby, S. 2004. Fossils at a Glance.
tions should be met in such tests of micro- Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
evolutionary hypotheses? Peel, J.S. 1991. Functional morphology, evolution and
5 The Mesozoic marine revolution (or arms systematics of early Palaeozoic univalved molluscs.
race) was a complex ecological event that Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 161, 116 pp.
set the agenda for marine life in the Raup, D.M. 1966. Geometric analysis of shell coiling:
Modern evolutionary fauna. How did general problems. Journal of Paleontology 40,
mollusks react to predation pressures? 1178–90.
Reboulet, S., Giraud, F. & Proux, O. 2005. Ammonoid
abundance variations related to changes in trophic
Further reading conditions across the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d
(Latest Albian, SE France). Palaios 20, 121–41.
Clarkson, E.N.K. 1998. Invertebrate Palaeontology and
Runnegar, B. & Pojeta, J. 1974. Molluscan phylogeny:
Evolution, 4th edn. Chapman and Hall, London.
the palaeontological viewpoint. Science 186, 311–17.
(An excellent, more advanced text; clearly written
Sigwart, J.W. & Sutton, M.D. 2007. Deep molluscan
and well illustrated.)
phylogeny: synthesis of palaeontological and neon-
Lehmann, U. 1981. The Ammonites – their Life and their
tological data. Proceedings of the Royal Society B
World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
274, 2413–19.
Morton, J.E. 1967. Molluscs. Hutchinson, London.
Stanley, S.M. 1970. Relation of shell form to life habits
Peel, J.S., Skelton, P.W. & House, M.R. 1985. Mollusca.
of Bivalvia. Geological Society of America Memoir
In Murray, J.W. (ed.) Atlas of Invertebrate Macrofos-
125, 296 pp.
sils. Longman, London. (A useful, mainly photo-
Swan, A.R.H. 1990. Computer simulations of inverte-
graphic review of the group.)
brate morphology. In Bruton, D.L. & Harper, D.A.T.
Pojeta, J. Jr., Runnegar, B., Peel, J.S. & Gordon, M. Jr.
(eds) Microcomputers in Palaeontology. Contribu-
1987. Phylum Mollusca. In Boardman, R.S.,
tions from the Palaeontological Museum, University
Cheetham, A.H. & Rowell, A.J. (eds) Fossil Inverte-
of Oslo, Vol. 370. pp. 32–45. University of Oslo,
brates. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford,

Oslo.
UK, pp. 270–435. (A comprehensive, more advanced
Vinther, J. & Nielsen, C. 2004. The Early Cambrian
text with emphasis on taxonomy; extravagantly
Halkieria is a mollusc. Zoologica Scripta 34, 81–9.
illustrated.)
Wagner, P.J. 1995. Diversity patterns among early gas-
Vermeij, G.J. 1987. Evolution and Escalation. An Eco-
tropods: contrasting taxonomic and phylogenetic
logical History of Life. Princeton University Press,
descriptions. Paleobiology 21, 410–39.
Princeton, NJ. (Visionary text.)
Wani, R., Kase, T., Shigeta, Y. & De Ocampo, R. 2005.
New look at ammonoid taphonomy, based on fi eld
References
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