Page 171 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

Comparison of Algal Biodiesel Production Pathways 159

Fig. 7 Characterization of various impacts for all scenarios algal biodiesel and fossil diesel
EURO 5 passenger car

passenger car than fossil ones (Fig. 8). Similar results were recorded for nor-
malization (Fig. 9).
The results of single score per impact category are presented in Fig. 10. The
comparison results clearly showed a positive impact of algal biodiesel use in
passenger car on global warming as it provides savings of about 397–532 % in
comparison with fossil diesel. About 18 times higher impacts were recorded on
mineral extraction in case of aluminum flocculation harvesting scenarios than
fossil diesel and about 1.5 times in centrifugation harvesting scenarios and about
1.7 times in lime flocculation scenarios. The different oil extraction techniques had
not showed any significant difference in impacts on mineral extraction. Impacts on
land occupation were about 44–54 % higher in algal biodiesel scenarios in com-
parison with fossil diesel. The total impact of all categories was positive for the use
of algal biodiesel in passenger car. Results showed about 22–105 % reduction in
total impacts by using algal biodiesel in passenger car in comparison with fossil
diesel (Fig. 10).
Scenarios with press and co-solvent oil extraction showed better savings than
the sCO 2 oil extraction scenarios. Lime flocculation harvesting with press and