Page 17 - Lignocellulosic Biomass to Liquid Biofuels

xx Preface

Chapter 4, Lignocellulosic biomass to biodiesel, provides an overview
of the biodiesel production using agro-industrial lignocellulosic biomasses
as feedstock. The chapter attends the lipid accumulation capability of ole-
aginous microorganisms such as microalgae, bacillus, and fungi (molds and
yeasts). It also highlights the potentiality of lignocellulosic biomasses as a
source of biodiesel, oleaginous strains and their productivity, and catalysts
for biodiesel synthesis.
Chapter 5, Biobutanol from lignocellulosic biomass: bioprocess strate-
gies, gives an outlook on the major conversion technologies to produce
biobutanol from various lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks by focusing on
their typical performances that has established along with their applica-
tions. The major issues of the chapter are pretreatment and hydrolysis of
different solid lignocellulosic biomass materials, effects of degradation pro-
ducts on growth and biobutanol production by advanced ABE fermenting
microbial strains and strategies for improving the production of
biobutanol.
Chapter 6, Syngas fermentation to bioethanol, starts by presenting the
microbes that can be involved in the fermentation process with their
competence of using syngas (CO, H 2 ,CO 2 , and CH 4 ). The chapter criti-
cally reviews the syngas cleaning process as it is the significant factors for
fermentation of syngas. Biochemical processes for product enhancement
and bioreactor design are also systematically discussed in this chapter. This
chapter closes with an important discussion on the opportunities and chal-
lenges of the hybrid gasification fermentation process and future research
directions in syngas fermentation.
Chapter 7, Fischer Tropsch synthesis of syngas to liquid hydrocar-
bons, provides a detailed summary of Fischer Tropsch (FT) synthesis of
syngas to liquid hydrocarbons, role of different catalysts in FT synthesis,
kinetic modeling and process simulation for FT synthesis, role of carbon
nanofibers/carbon felt composites, plug the knowledge gaps, and provide
new research directions to improve the FT synthesis.
Chapter 8, Constraints, impacts, and benefits of lignocellulose conver-
sion pathways to liquid biofuels and biochemicals, focuses on the investi-
gation of the physical and environmental constraints for the large-scale
implementation of lignocellulosic biofuels chains. It explores the potential
improvements of biofuel technology, in order to remove the existing
infrastructural, energy, and environmental barriers. The chapter also paves
the way to the penetration of lignocellulosic biofuels into the energy mar-
ket as a complement to other renewable and nonrenewable options.