Page 3 - Materials Science and Engineering An Introduction

Characteristics of Selected Elements
Atomic Density of Crystal Atomic Ionic Most Melting
Atomic Weight Solid, 20 C Structure, Radius Radius Common Point
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Element Symbol Number (amu) (g/cm ) 20 C (nm) (nm) Valence ( C)
Aluminum Al 13 26.98 2.71 FCC 0.143 0.053 3 660.4
Argon Ar 18 39.95 — — — — Inert 189.2
Barium Ba 56 137.33 3.5 BCC 0.217 0.136 2 725
Beryllium Be 4 9.012 1.85 HCP 0.114 0.035 2 1278
Boron B 5 10.81 2.34 Rhomb. — 0.023 3 2300
Bromine Br 35 79.90 — — — 0.196 1 7.2
Cadmium Cd 48 112.41 8.65 HCP 0.149 0.095 2 321
Calcium Ca 20 40.08 1.55 FCC 0.197 0.100 2 839
Carbon C 6 12.011 2.25 Hex. 0.071 0.016 4 (sublimes at 3367)
Cesium Cs 55 132.91 1.87 BCC 0.265 0.170 1 28.4
Chlorine Cl 17 35.45 — — — 0.181 1 101
Chromium Cr 24 52.00 7.19 BCC 0.125 0.063 3 1875
Cobalt Co 27 58.93 8.9 HCP 0.125 0.072 2 1495
Copper Cu 29 63.55 8.94 FCC 0.128 0.096 1 1085
Fluorine F 9 19.00 — — — 0.133 1 220
Gallium Ga 31 69.72 5.90 Ortho. 0.122 0.062 3 29.8
Germanium Ge 32 72.64 5.32 Dia. cubic 0.122 0.053 4 937
Gold Au 79 196.97 19.32 FCC 0.144 0.137 1 1064
Helium He 2 4.003 — — — — Inert 272 (at 26 atm)
Hydrogen H 1 1.008 — — — 0.154 1 259
Iodine I 53 126.91 4.93 Ortho. 0.136 0.220 1 114
Iron Fe 26 55.85 7.87 BCC 0.124 0.077 2 1538
Lead Pb 82 207.2 11.35 FCC 0.175 0.120 2 327
Lithium Li 3 6.94 0.534 BCC 0.152 0.068 1 181
Magnesium Mg 12 24.31 1.74 HCP 0.160 0.072 2 649
Manganese Mn 25 54.94 7.44 Cubic 0.112 0.067 2 1244
Mercury Hg 80 200.59 — — — 0.110 2 38.8
Molybdenum Mo 42 95.94 10.22 BCC 0.136 0.070 4 2617
Neon Ne 10 20.18 — — — — Inert 248.7
Nickel Ni 28 58.69 8.90 FCC 0.125 0.069 2 1455
Niobium Nb 41 92.91 8.57 BCC 0.143 0.069 5 2468
Nitrogen N 7 14.007 — — — 0.01–0.02 5 209.9
Oxygen O 8 16.00 — — — 0.140 2 218.4
Phosphorus P 15 30.97 1.82 Ortho. 0.109 0.035 5 44.1
Platinum Pt 78 195.08 21.45 FCC 0.139 0.080 2 1772
Potassium K 19 39.10 0.862 BCC 0.231 0.138 1 63
Silicon Si 14 28.09 2.33 Dia. cubic 0.118 0.040 4 1410
Silver Ag 47 107.87 10.49 FCC 0.144 0.126 1 962
Sodium Na 11 22.99 0.971 BCC 0.186 0.102 1 98
Sulfur S 16 32.06 2.07 Ortho. 0.106 0.184 2 113
Tin Sn 50 118.71 7.27 Tetra. 0.151 0.071 4 232
Titanium Ti 22 47.87 4.51 HCP 0.145 0.068 4 1668
Tungsten W 74 183.84 19.3 BCC 0.137 0.070 4 3410
Vanadium V 23 50.94 6.1 BCC 0.132 0.059 5 1890
Zinc Zn 30 65.41 7.13 HCP 0.133 0.074 2 420
Zirconium Zr 40 91.22 6.51 HCP 0.159 0.079 4 1852