Page 194 - Modern Robotics Building Versatile Macines

174 Modern Robotics

service robot a mobile robot designed for nonindustrial work-
places for tasks such as delivering supplies
Shakey an early mobile robot at Stanford University in the early
1960s. It was named for its rather precarious camera attach-
ments
situated robot Rodney Brooks’s term for a robot that responds
directly to sensory input in a way similar to reflexes in animals
sociable robot term coined by researcher Cynthia Breazeal for a
robot that can appropriately understand and react to vocal into-
nation, facial expressions, body language, and other cues
Sojourner the first mobile Mars rover, which was the fruit of many
years of mobile robotics research. Named for the American aboli-
tionist Sojourner Truth, the rover landed on Mars in July 1997
space probe a robotic, pilotless spacecraft that is controlled by
instructions from controllers on Earth
Stanford Cart a wheeled platform for mobile robot experiments
used at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory mainly in
the 1970s
subsumption architecture a form of robot design in which many
separate components interact to create complex behaviors. More
complex behaviors such as exploration and mapping are layered
on top of simpler behaviors such as locomotion and collision
avoidance
teleology consideration of organisms or devices in terms of their
ultimate purpose or goal. See also CYBERNETICS
vision system the components such as cameras, image processors,
and software that a robot uses to detect and characterize objects
in its environment
zero momentum point (ZMP) the point on a walking robot where
the angular momentum (resulting from gravity and other accel-
erations acting on the robot) is zero. A dynamic walking robot
can remain stable as long as the ZMP is within the area of sup-
port of the feet