Page 263 - Petroleum and Gas Field Processing

The skim pile is an adequate choice. The SP pile could also be used
where the treated produced water should be introduced below the SP packs
because it does not need any treatment. The skim pile is, however, simpler
and less expensive.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Arnold, K. and Stewart, M., Surface Production Operations, Gulf Publishing,
Houston, TX, 1998, Vol. 1.
Production Facilities, SPE Reprint Series No. 25, SPE, Richardison, TX, 1989.

REVIEW QUESTIONS AND EXERCISE PROBLEMS

1. Discuss the reasons for treating produced water that will be
(a) Disposed off into the sea
(b) Disposed off into an underground formation
(c) Used as injection water for improved oil recovery
(d) Used for generating steam for thermal recovery operations
2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of treating produced water
under pressure versus atmospheric treatment.
3. Describe the functions of the following equipment in promoting
efficient produced water treatment:
(a) Parallel plates interceptors
(b) Corrugated plate interceptors
(c) Serpentine-pipe coalescers
4. Describe the basis of operation of flotation units and discuss the
reasons for using such units.
5. Describe the function and basis of operation of the various types of
offshore disposal pile.
6. Discuss the effects of the various parameters in the settling equation
[Eq. (1)] on the efficiency of separating oil droplets from produced
water. Discuss possible means of controlling these parameters to
improve the separation (treatment) process.
7. Design the water treatment and disposal facilities for an offshore
production and treatment platform for the conditions listed. Perform
the design calculations for all types of treatment and disposal
equipment discussed in this chapter and then determine the best
combination of facilities giving reasons for your decisions.

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