Page 5 - Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Introduction to Sedimentary Rocks ................ . . . . . I
Properties of Sedimentary Rocks. ................ . . . . .
Grain Size ........................ . . . . . ;
Particle Morphology. ................... . . . . . 7
Significance of Grain Morphology .............. . . . . . I2
Collection and Preparation of Samples for Analysis. ........ . . . . . 15
Sampling. ........................ . . . . . I5
Preparation of Samples for Grain-Size Analysis ........ . . . . . I6
Separation of Sand from Mud ................ . . . . . 19
Grain Size Scales and Conversion Tables ........... . . . . . 23
Grain Size Nomenclature. ................. . . . . . 24
Suggested Outline for Detailed Study of Texture .......... . . . . . 30
Making Distribution Maps Showing Grain Size of Sediments ... . . . . . 31
Size Analysis by Sieving .................. . . . . . 32
Size Analysis by Settling Tube ............... . . . . . 34
Pipette Analysis by Silt and Clay .............. . . . . . 34
Graphic Presentation .of Size Data. ............. . . . . . 39
Statistical Parameters of Grain Size. ............ . . . . . 41
A Few Statistical Measures for Use in Sedimentary Petrology .... . . . . . 50
Populations and Probability. ................ . . . . . 54
Mineral Composition of Sedimentary Rocks ............ . . . . . 63
Quartz . . . . . 66
Chert and dpdl : : : ...................................... . . . . .
Reworked Detrital Chert. ................. . . . . . ii:
Feldspar. ........................ . . . . . 82
Large Micas ....................... . . . . . 87
Metamorphic Rock Fragments ............... . . . . . 88
Sedimentary Rock Fragments. ............... . . . . . 89
Clay Minerals ...................... . . . . . 90
Heavy Minerals. ..................... . . . . . 95
Carbonate Minerals .................... . . . . . 98
Miscellaneous Chemical Minerals .............. . . . . . 99
Petrology of Sandstones. .................... . . . . . 01
Krynine’s Theory of the Tectonic Control of Sandstone Properties . . . . . 09
A Concinnity of Depositional Regions ............ . . . . . I2
The New Global Tectonics Integrated with Classical Sedimentary
Tectonics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . I5
Genetic Code for Sandstones . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . 21
Mineralogical Classification of Sandstones . . . ....... . . . . . 24
Preferred Combinations of Sedimentary Types . ....... . . . . . 31
Petrology of Mudrocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . 46
Description and Nomenclature for Terrigenous Sedimen ts ...... . . . . . 48
Petrology of Carbonate Rocks . . . . . . . . . . . ....... , . . . . 157
Classif ication of Limestones . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . I57
Grain Size Scales for Carbonate Rocks. . . . . ....... . . . . . 164
Diagenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . I 73
Recrystallization, Inversion and Neomorphism . ....... . . . . . 178
Dolomites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . 179