Page 13 - Planning and Design of Airports

xii Co n t e n t s

Approaches to the Analysis of Capacity and Delay . . . . 486
Factors That Affect Airfield Capacity . . . . . . 489

Formulation of Runway Capacity through
Mathematical Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
Mathematical Formulation of Delay . . . . . . . 490
Formulation of Runway Capacity through
the Time-Space Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492
Formulation of Ultimate Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Mathematical Formulation of
Ultimate Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
Application of Techniques for Ultimate
Hourly Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Parameters Required for Runway
Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Computation of Delay on Runway Systems . . . . . . 520
Graphical Methods for Approximating
Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
Application of Techniques for Annual
Service Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532
Simulation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
Gate Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538
Analytical Models for Gate Capacity . . . . . . 539
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
13 Finance Strategies for Airport Planning . . . . . . . . . 543
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Federal Funding Programs in the United States . . . . . 544
The Airport Development Aid
Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
The Passenger Facility Charge
Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556
State and Local Participation in Financing
Airport Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557
Bond Financing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558
General Obligation Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558
General Airport Revenue Bonds . . . . . . . . . . 559
Special Facility Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
PFC Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
CFC Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
Privatization of Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
Financial Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562
Rate Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564
Evaluation of the Financial Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571